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The gender leadership gap: insights from experiments

In: A Research Agenda for Experimental Economics

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  • Catherine Eckel
  • Lata Gangadharan
  • Philip J. Grossman
  • Nina Xue

Abstract

This chapter offers insights from lab and lab-in-the-field experiments that help to understand the gender gap in leadership, and measures that might close that gap. We examine the literature addressing labour market outcomes more generally, as well as research that focuses more closely on leadership, per se. More specifically, we start by summarizing gender differences in preferences that are related to women’s willingness to lead. We then consider the selection of women as leaders and gender differences in perceptions, beliefs, and behaviour contributing to the leadership gap. We also address the literature on stereotypes and discrimination, which play important roles in the evaluation and selection of women leaders. Finally, we discuss possible interventions and their effectiveness, policy directions, and future research.

Suggested Citation

  • Catherine Eckel & Lata Gangadharan & Philip J. Grossman & Nina Xue, 2021. "The gender leadership gap: insights from experiments," Chapters, in: Ananish Chaudhuri (ed.), A Research Agenda for Experimental Economics, chapter 7, pages 137-162, Edward Elgar Publishing.
    • Handle: RePEc:elg:eechap:19403_7
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    Cited by:

    1. De Paola, Maria & Gioia, Francesca & Scoppa, Vincenzo, 2022. "Female leadership: Effectiveness and perception," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 201(C), pages 134-162.
    2. Abraham, Lisa & Hallermeier, Johannes & Stein, Alison, 2024. "Words matter: Experimental evidence from job applications," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 225(C), pages 348-391.
    3. Erkal, Nisvan & Gangadharan, Lata & Koh, Boon Han, 2023. "Do women receive less blame than men? Attribution of outcomes in a prosocial setting," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 210(C), pages 441-452.
    4. Sule Alan & Gozde Corekcioglu & Mustafa Kaba & Matthias Sutter, 2023. "Female Leadership and Workplace Climate," ECONtribute Policy Brief Series 057, University of Bonn and University of Cologne, Germany.
    5. Lata Gangadharan & Tarun Jain & Pushkar Maitra & Joe Vecci, 2022. "Lab-in-the-field experiments: perspectives from research on gender," The Japanese Economic Review, Springer, vol. 73(1), pages 31-59, January.
    6. Nisvan Erkal & Lata Gangadharan & Boon Han Koh, 2021. "Gender Biases in Performance Evaluation: The Role of Beliefs Versus Outcomes," University of East Anglia School of Economics Working Paper Series 2021-09, School of Economics, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK..
    7. Roy, Moumita & Houser, Daniel, 2024. "Corrigendum to “Identity, Leadership, and Cooperation: An experimental analysis” [European Economic Review 165 (2024) 104741]," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 170(C).
    8. Maitra, Pushkar & Neelim, Ananta & Tran, Chau, 2021. "The role of risk and negotiation in explaining the gender wage gap," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 191(C), pages 1-27.

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