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Análisis de la generación de empleo y la desigualdad salarial con visión de género en las principales actividades productivas de Costa Rica

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  • CEPAL

Author

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  • Martínez Castillo, Josué
  • Monge-González, Ricardo

Abstract

El análisis del empleo y la desigualdad salarial con visión de género constituye un esfuerzo clave para comprender las dinámicas del mercado laboral en Costa Rica y promover estrategias de desarrollo inclusivo. La generación de empleo para mujeres es fundamental para reducir la brecha de género, fortalecer su independencia económica y fomentar una mayor equidad en la sociedad. Además, su contribución a la estabilidad económica y la reducción de la pobreza resalta la importancia de garantizar su acceso a empleos formales y bien remunerados. En términos generales, ampliar la participación femenina en el empleo no solo mejora su bienestar individual, sino que también genera efectos multiplicadores en sus familias y comunidades. Por ello, su inserción laboral debe ser una prioridad en las estrategias de desarrollo económico y social. El presente estudio analiza la evolución del empleo formal y la desigualdad salarial en Costa Rica desde una perspectiva de género, incorporando el análisis del desacoplamiento entre productividad laboral y salarios reales. Se examina la economía en su conjunto y las diez principales actividades económicas del país, que en 2022 representaron el 80% del valor agregado y el 70% del empleo formal. A partir de datos del Registro de Variables Económicas del Banco Central de Costa Rica para el período 2006-2022, el informe estudia la evolución del empleo formal, la inserción laboral femenina, las desigualdades salariales y la distribución de los beneficios del crecimiento económico. En general, los hallazgos evidencian que la relación entre los salarios reales, la productividad laboral y el empleo no es lineal ni automática. En concordancia con la literatura económica, estas dinámicas dependen de la distribución de las ganancias de productividad, de políticas laborales que equilibren flexibilidad y estabilidad, y de la inversión en capacitación para adaptar la fuerza laboral a nuevas tecnologías.

Suggested Citation

  • Martínez Castillo, Josué & Monge-González, Ricardo, 2025. "Análisis de la generación de empleo y la desigualdad salarial con visión de género en las principales actividades productivas de Costa Rica," Coediciones, Naciones Unidas Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL), number 82282 edited by Cepal.
    • Handle: RePEc:ecr:col013:82282
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