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Estimating Benchmark Concentrations and Other Noncancer Endpoints in Epidemiology Studies

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  • A. J. Bailer
  • L. T. Stayner
  • R. J. Smith
  • E. D. Kuempel
  • M. M. Prince

Abstract

Methods for evaluating the hazards associated with noncancer responses with epidemiologic data are considered. The methods for noncancer risk assessment have largely been developed for experimental data, and are not always suitable for the more complex structure of epidemiologic data. In epidemiology, the measurement of the response and the exposure is often either continuous or dichotomous. For a continuous noncancer response modeled with multiple regression, a variety of endpoints may be examined: (1) the concentration associated with absolute or relative decrements in response; (2) a threshold concentration associated with no change in response; and (3) the concentration associated with a particular added risk of impairment. For a dichotomous noncancer response modeled with logistic regression, concentrations associated with specified added/extra risk or with a threshold responses may be estimated. No‐observed‐effect concentrations may also be estimated for categorizations of exposures for both continuous and dichotomous responses but these may depend on the arbitrary categories chosen. Respiratory function in miners exposed to coal dust is used to illustrate these methods.

Suggested Citation

  • A. J. Bailer & L. T. Stayner & R. J. Smith & E. D. Kuempel & M. M. Prince, 1997. "Estimating Benchmark Concentrations and Other Noncancer Endpoints in Epidemiology Studies," Risk Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 17(6), pages 771-780, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:wly:riskan:v:17:y:1997:i:6:p:771-780
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1539-6924.1997.tb01282.x
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Kenny S. Crump, 1995. "Calculation of Benchmark Doses from Continuous Data," Risk Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 15(1), pages 79-89, February.
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    1. Esben Budtz-Jørgensen & Niels Keiding & Philippe Grandjean, 2001. "Benchmark Dose Calculation from Epidemiological Data," Biometrics, The International Biometric Society, vol. 57(3), pages 698-706, September.
    2. Robert B. Noble & A. John Bailer & Robert Park, 2009. "Model‐Averaged Benchmark Concentration Estimates for Continuous Response Data Arising from Epidemiological Studies," Risk Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 29(4), pages 558-564, April.
    3. Walter W. Piegorsch, 2010. "Translational benchmark risk analysis," Journal of Risk Research, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 13(5), pages 653-667, July.

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