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Upper Confidence Limits on Excess Risk for Quantitative Responses

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  • Ralph L. Kodell
  • Ronnie W. West

Abstract

The definition and observation of clear‐cut adverse health effects for continuous (quantitative) responses, such as altered body weights or organ weights, are difficult propositions. Thus, methods of risk assessment commonly used for binary (quantal) toxic responses such as cancer are not directly applicable. In this paper, two methods for calculating upper confidence limits on excess risk for quantitative toxic effects are proposed, based on a particular definition of an adverse quantitative response. The methods are illustrated with data from a dose‐response study, and their performance is evaluated with a Monte Carlo simulation study.

Suggested Citation

  • Ralph L. Kodell & Ronnie W. West, 1993. "Upper Confidence Limits on Excess Risk for Quantitative Responses," Risk Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 13(2), pages 177-182, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:wly:riskan:v:13:y:1993:i:2:p:177-182
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1539-6924.1993.tb01067.x
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    Cited by:

    1. Liu, Rui-Yin & Tao, Jian & Shi, Ning-Zhong & He, Xuming, 2011. "Bayesian analysis of the patterns of biological susceptibility via reversible jump MCMC sampling," Computational Statistics & Data Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 55(3), pages 1498-1508, March.
    2. Meredith M. Regan & Paul J. Catalano, 1999. "Likelihood Models for Clustered Binary and Continuous Out comes: Application to Developmental Toxicology," Biometrics, The International Biometric Society, vol. 55(3), pages 760-768, September.
    3. Mehdi Razzaghi & Ralph Kodell, 2004. "Quantitative Risk Assessment for Developmental Neurotoxic Effects," Risk Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 24(6), pages 1673-1681, December.
    4. Kan Shao & Jeffrey S. Gift, 2014. "Model Uncertainty and Bayesian Model Averaged Benchmark Dose Estimation for Continuous Data," Risk Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 34(1), pages 101-120, January.
    5. Salomon J. Sand & Dietrich Von Rosen & Agneta Falk Filipsson, 2003. "Benchmark Calculations in Risk Assessment Using Continuous Dose‐Response Information: The Influence of Variance and the Determination of a Cut‐Off Value," Risk Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 23(5), pages 1059-1068, October.
    6. Esben Budtz-Jørgensen & Niels Keiding & Philippe Grandjean, 2001. "Benchmark Dose Calculation from Epidemiological Data," Biometrics, The International Biometric Society, vol. 57(3), pages 698-706, September.
    7. Mehdi Razzaghi & Ralph L. Kodell, 2000. "Risk Assessment for Quantitative Responses Using a Mixture Model," Biometrics, The International Biometric Society, vol. 56(2), pages 519-527, June.
    8. Tao, Jian & Shi, Ning-Zhong & Lee, S.-Y.Sik-Yum, 2004. "Drug risk assessment with determining the number of sub-populations under finite mixture normal models," Computational Statistics & Data Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 46(4), pages 661-676, July.
    9. David W. Gaylor & William Slikker, 1994. "Modeling for Risk Assessment of Neurotoxic Effects," Risk Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 14(3), pages 333-338, June.
    10. Walter W. Piegorsch, 2010. "Translational benchmark risk analysis," Journal of Risk Research, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 13(5), pages 653-667, July.
    11. Signe M. Jensen & Felix M. Kluxen & Christian Ritz, 2019. "A Review of Recent Advances in Benchmark Dose Methodology," Risk Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 39(10), pages 2295-2315, October.
    12. Yasushi Suwazono & Kouichi Sakata & Mitsuhiro Oishi & Yasushi Okubo & Mirei Dochi & Etsuko Kobayashi & Teruhiko Kido & Koji Nogawa, 2007. "Estimation of Benchmark Dose as the Threshold Amount of Alcohol Consumption for Blood Pressure in Japanese Workers," Risk Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 27(6), pages 1487-1495, December.
    13. R. Webster West & Ralph L. Kodell, 1999. "A Comparison of Methods of Benchmark‐Dose Estimation for Continuous Response Data," Risk Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 19(3), pages 453-459, June.
    14. Kenny S. Crump, 1995. "Calculation of Benchmark Doses from Continuous Data," Risk Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 15(1), pages 79-89, February.
    15. Mirjam Moerbeek & Aldert H. Piersma & Wout Slob, 2004. "A Comparison of Three Methods for Calculating Confidence Intervals for the Benchmark Dose," Risk Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 24(1), pages 31-40, February.
    16. Ronald J. Bosch & David Wypij & Louise M. Ryan, 1996. "A Semiparametric Approach to Risk Assessment for Quantitative Outcomes," Risk Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 16(5), pages 657-665, October.

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