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Social Security Interactions With Child Tax Credit Expansion

Author

Listed:
  • Jevay Grooms
  • Madelaine L'Esperance
  • Timothy Smeeding

Abstract

The American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 (ARPA; P.L. 117‐2) temporarily expanded the Child Tax Credit (CTC), increasing the number of eligible children and payment amount with advance monthly payments delivered from July to December 2021. Many Social Security program beneficiary households with children were newly CTC eligible for the expanded tax benefit that provided up to $3600 per child per year. Using data from the Current Population Survey and Survey of Income and Program Participation, this study simulates CTC eligibility and effects on income and poverty among SSI child beneficiaries and OASDI or SSI adult beneficiaries with children (hereafter “beneficiaries”) following the CTC expansion. The project identifies which program rules are most salient in increasing eligibility. We explore how CTC program effects differ for demographic subgroups, including the potential of the CTC to mitigate poverty in Social Security households with complex living arrangements, especially those headed by grandparents. Finally, we examine effects on Black‐white poverty gaps. The findings from this study offer evidence of the interactions between CTC and Social Security Administration (SSA) administered programs. 2021年美国救援计划法案(ARPA; P.L. 117‐2)暂时扩大了儿童税收抵免(CTC)的适用范围, 增加了符合条件的儿童人数和抵免金额, 并于2021年7月至12月期间按月预付。许多有子女的社会保障计划受益家庭因此获得了新的CTC资格, 可享受每名儿童每年最高3,600美元的税收优惠。本研究利用当前人口调查和收入与项目参与调查的数据, 模拟了CTC扩大政策实施后, SSI儿童受益人和OASDI或SSI成年受益人 (以下简称“受益人”) 的CTC资格及其对收入和贫困的影响。该项目旨在确定哪些项目规则对提高资格认定最为显著。我们探讨了儿童税收抵免(CTC)项目对不同人口统计亚群体的影响, 包括CTC在缓解社会保障家庭 (尤其是由祖父母担任户主的家庭) 贫困方面的潜力。最后, 我们考察了CTC对黑人与白人贫困差距的影响。本研究结果揭示了CTC与社会保障署(SSA)管理项目之间的相互作用。 La Ley del Plan de Rescate Estadounidense de 2021 (ARPA; P.L. 117‐2) amplió temporalmente el Crédito Tributario por Hijos (CTC), aumentando el número de hijos elegibles y el monto del pago, con pagos mensuales anticipados de julio a diciembre de 2021. Muchos hogares beneficiarios del programa del Seguro Social con hijos se convirtieron en elegibles para el CTC, el beneficio fiscal ampliado que proporcionaba hasta $3,600 por hijo al año. Utilizando datos de la Encuesta de Población Actual y la Encuesta de Ingresos y Participación en Programas, este estudio simula la elegibilidad para el CTC y sus efectos sobre los ingresos y la pobreza entre los niños beneficiarios del SSI y los adultos beneficiarios del OASDI o SSI con hijos (en adelante, “beneficiarios”) tras la expansión del CTC. El proyecto identifica qué normas del programa son las más relevantes para aumentar la elegibilidad. Exploramos cómo difieren los efectos del programa CTC según los subgrupos demográficos, incluyendo su potencial para mitigar la pobreza en hogares con condiciones de vida complejas, especialmente aquellos encabezados por abuelos. Finalmente, examinamos los efectos en las brechas de pobreza entre personas negras y blancas. Los hallazgos de este estudio ofrecen evidencia de las interacciones entre el CTC y los programas administrados por la Administración del Seguro Social (SSA).

Suggested Citation

  • Jevay Grooms & Madelaine L'Esperance & Timothy Smeeding, 2026. "Social Security Interactions With Child Tax Credit Expansion," Poverty & Public Policy, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 18(1), March.
  • Handle: RePEc:wly:povpop:v:18:y:2026:i:1:n:e70047
    DOI: 10.1002/pop4.70047
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Natasha V. Pilkauskas & Mariana Amorim & Rachel E. Dunifon, 2020. "Historical Trends in Children Living in Multigenerational Households in the United States: 1870–2018," Demography, Springer;Population Association of America (PAA), vol. 57(6), pages 2269-2296, December.
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