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Does Quality Matter? Challengers in State Supreme Court Elections

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  • Melinda Gann Hall
  • Chris W. Bonneau

Abstract

We assess whether quality challengers in state supreme court elections have a significant impact on the electoral successes of incumbents and whether the electorate seemingly makes candidate‐based evaluations in these races. To address these questions, we examine 208 elections to the states' highest courts from 1990 through 2000 in the 21 states using partisan or nonpartisan elections to staff their benches. From a Heckman two‐stage estimation procedure that takes into account factors influencing challengers' decisions to run as well as factors affecting the electorate's choices among candidates, we find that quality does matter. Experienced challengers significantly lessen the electoral security of incumbents, and the electorate appears to evaluate challengers' qualifications. These findings stand in stark relief to traditional notions that the electorate is incapable of responding to candidate stimuli beyond incumbency and that judicial elections inherently are an ineffective means for securing popular control over the bench.

Suggested Citation

  • Melinda Gann Hall & Chris W. Bonneau, 2006. "Does Quality Matter? Challengers in State Supreme Court Elections," American Journal of Political Science, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 50(1), pages 20-33, January.
  • Handle: RePEc:wly:amposc:v:50:y:2006:i:1:p:20-33
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-5907.2006.00167.x
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    Cited by:

    1. Elliott Ash & W. Bentley MacLeod, 2015. "Intrinsic Motivation in Public Service: Theory and Evidence from State Supreme Courts," Journal of Law and Economics, University of Chicago Press, vol. 58(4).
    2. Ash, Elliott & MacLeod, W. Bentley, 2021. "Reducing partisanship in judicial elections can improve judge quality: Evidence from U.S. state supreme courts," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 201(C).
    3. Michael S. Kang & Joanna M. Shepherd, 2015. "Partisanship in State Supreme Courts: The Empirical Relationship between Party Campaign Contributions and Judicial Decision Making," The Journal of Legal Studies, University of Chicago Press, vol. 44(S1), pages 161-185.
    4. Melinda Gann Hall & Chris W. Bonneau, 2008. "Mobilizing Interest: The Effects of Money on Citizen Participation in State Supreme Court Elections," American Journal of Political Science, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 52(3), pages 457-470, July.

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