IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/vrs/eaiada/v27y2023i1p1-16n1.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

The Application of Association Rules to Detect the Effects of Vaccinations against Covid-19 in the EU-27. Preliminary Estimates

Author

Listed:
  • Berezka Kateryna

    (1 West Ukrainian National University, Ternopil, Ukraine)

  • Kovalchuk Olha

    (2 West Ukrainian National University, Ternopil, Ukraine)

Abstract

In this research study, the authors obtained the preliminary evaluation of the impact detection of vaccinations against COVID-19 in the EU-27. The empirical basis of the study was the daily number of COVID-19 cases, vaccinations, hospitalisations, and deaths in the EU countries from March 2020 to March 2022. Rules of association were used to identify non-obvious associations between vaccinations against COVID-19 and cases of illness, hospitalisations, and deaths from COVID-19. The obtained results were used to cluster the EU countries by the level of vaccinations against COVID-19, cases of COVID-19, deaths from COVID, and COVID-19 hospitalisations for the EU member states. The K-means clustering method was used for cluster analysis. Hidden dependencies of the number of COVID-19 cases, the number of COVID-19 hospitalisations, and the number of COVID-19 deaths due to the number of vaccinations against COVID-19 by EU countries were revealed. It was established with a high probability that vaccination significantly affects the level of morbidity. For the first time, association rules were obtained, which are preliminary estimates of the relationship between the dynamics of vaccinations against COVID-19 and the dynamics of COVID-19 cases, COVID-19 hospitalisations, and deaths from COVID-19 in the EU. The results can be used to make beneficial decisions, for example, to regulate vaccination policies in individual EU countries, and predict the future consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Suggested Citation

  • Berezka Kateryna & Kovalchuk Olha, 2023. "The Application of Association Rules to Detect the Effects of Vaccinations against Covid-19 in the EU-27. Preliminary Estimates," Econometrics. Advances in Applied Data Analysis, Sciendo, vol. 27(1), pages 1-16, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:vrs:eaiada:v:27:y:2023:i:1:p:1-16:n:1
    DOI: 10.15611/eada.2023.1.01
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://doi.org/10.15611/eada.2023.1.01
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.15611/eada.2023.1.01?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Krzysztof Dmytrów & Joanna Landmesser & Beata Bieszk-Stolorz, 2021. "The Connections between COVID-19 and the Energy Commodities Prices: Evidence through the Dynamic Time Warping Method," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(13), pages 1-23, July.
    2. Beata Bieszk-Stolorz & Krzysztof Dmytrów, 2021. "A survival analysis in the assessment of the influence of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic on the probability and intensity of decline in the value of stock indices," Eurasian Economic Review, Springer;Eurasia Business and Economics Society, vol. 11(2), pages 363-379, June.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Beata Bieszk-Stolorz & Krzysztof Dmytrów, 2022. "Assessment of the Similarity of the Situation in the EU Labour Markets and Their Changes in the Face of the COVID-19 Pandemic," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(6), pages 1-20, March.
    2. Beata Bieszk-Stolorz & Iwona Markowicz, 2021. "Decline in Share Prices of Energy and Fuel Companies on the Warsaw Stock Exchange as a Reaction to the COVID-19 Pandemic," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(17), pages 1-17, August.
    3. Beata Bieszk-Stolorz & Iwona Markowicz, 2021. "Risk of Decline in Share Prices of Energy and Fuel Sector on the Warsaw Stock Exchange During the Two Waves of the COVID-19 Pandemic," European Research Studies Journal, European Research Studies Journal, vol. 0(4), pages 977-996.
    4. Beata Bieszk-Stolorz & Iwona Markowicz, 2022. "The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Situation of the Unemployed in Poland. A Study Using Survival Analysis Methods," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(19), pages 1-19, October.
    5. Yuriy Bilan & Serhiy Kozmenko & Alex Plastun, 2022. "Price Forecasting in Energy Market," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(24), pages 1-6, December.
    6. Krzysztof Dmytrów & Joanna Landmesser & Beata Bieszk-Stolorz, 2021. "The Connections between COVID-19 and the Energy Commodities Prices: Evidence through the Dynamic Time Warping Method," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(13), pages 1-23, July.
    7. Olga Pilipczuk, 2021. "Determinants of Managerial Competences Transformation in the Polish Energy Industry," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(20), pages 1-27, October.
    8. Derick Quintino & Cristiane Ogino & Inzamam Ul Haq & Paulo Ferreira & Márcia Oliveira, 2023. "An Analysis of Dynamic Correlations among Oil, Natural Gas and Ethanol Markets: New Evidence from the Pre- and Post-COVID-19 Crisis," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(5), pages 1-14, February.
    9. Indre Siksnelyte-Butkiene, 2021. "Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic to the Sustainability of the Energy Sector," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(23), pages 1-19, November.
    10. Beata Bieszk-Stolorz, 2022. "Impact of Subsidy Programmes on the Development of the Number and Output of RES Micro-Installations in Poland," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(24), pages 1-14, December.
    11. Hong Shen & Qi Pan & Lili Zhao & Pin Ng, 2022. "Risk Contagion between Global Commodities from the Perspective of Volatility Spillover," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(7), pages 1-21, March.
    12. Beata Bieszk-Stolorz & Krzysztof Dmytrów, 2021. "Evaluation of Changes on World Stock Exchanges in Connection with the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic. Survival Analysis Methods," Risks, MDPI, vol. 9(7), pages 1-19, June.
    13. Thobekile Qabhobho & Emmanuel Asafo-Adjei & Peterson Owusu Junior & Anokye M. Adam, 2022. "Quantifying information transfer between Commodities and Implied Volatilities in the Energy Markets: A Multi-frequency Approach," International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, Econjournals, vol. 12(5), pages 472-481, September.
    14. Wiesław Pilis & Dominik Kabus & Ireneusz Miciuła, 2022. "Food Services in the Tourism Industry in Terms of Customer Service Management: The Case of Poland," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(11), pages 1-15, May.
    15. Krzysztof Dmytrów & Beata Bieszk-Stolorz & Joanna Landmesser-Rusek, 2022. "Sustainable Energy in European Countries: Analysis of Sustainable Development Goal 7 Using the Dynamic Time Warping Method," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(20), pages 1-17, October.
    16. Jacek Artur Strojny & Michał Stanisław Chwastek & Elżbieta Badach & Sławomir Jacek Lisek & Piotr Kacorzyk, 2022. "Impacts of COVID-19 on Energy Expenditures of Local Self-Government Units in Poland," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(4), pages 1-25, February.
    17. Beata Bieszk-Stolorz & Krzysztof Dmytrów, 2023. "Decent Work and Economic Growth in EU Countries—Static and Dynamic Analyses of Sustainable Development Goal 8," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(18), pages 1-18, September.
    18. Thobekile Qabhobho & Anokye M. Adam & Emmanuel Asafo-Adjei, 2023. "Do Local and International Shocks Matter in the Interconnectedness amid Exchange Rates and Energy Commodities? Insights into BRICS Economies," International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, Econjournals, vol. 13(6), pages 666-678, November.
    19. Beata Bieszk-Stolorz & Iwona Markowicz, 2022. "Changes in Share Prices of Macrosector Companies on the Warsaw Stock Exchange as a Reaction to the COVID-19 Pandemic," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(16), pages 1-18, August.
    20. Capitani, Daniel Henrique Dario & Gaio, Luiz Eduardo, 2023. "Volatility Transmissionin Agricultural Markets: Evidence from the Russia-Ukraine Conflict," International Journal of Food and Agricultural Economics (IJFAEC), Alanya Alaaddin Keykubat University, Department of Economics and Finance, vol. 11(2), April.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    COVID-19; association rules; k-means clustering; vaccinations; EU country; decision-making;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C52 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric Modeling - - - Model Evaluation, Validation, and Selection
    • C53 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric Modeling - - - Forecasting and Prediction Models; Simulation Methods
    • O21 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Development Planning and Policy - - - Planning Models; Planning Policy

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:vrs:eaiada:v:27:y:2023:i:1:p:1-16:n:1. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Peter Golla (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.sciendo.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.