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Beyond the motivation theory of destination image

Author

Listed:
  • Ketwadee Madden

    (School of Tourism, Hospitality and Environmental Management, University Utara Malaysia, Kedah, Malaysia)

  • Basri Rashid

    (School of Tourism, Hospitality and Environmental Management, University Utara Malaysia, Kedah, Malaysia)

  • Noor Azimin Zainol

    (School of Tourism, Hospitality and Environmental Management, University Utara Malaysia, Kedah, Malaysia)

Abstract

Purpose – The existing literature has accepted the view that the destination image can be explained by the motivation theory. According to this theory the destination image can be explained by either the internal motivation of tourists or the external motivation originating from the destination. The purpose of this paper is to critically review the literature to build an appropriate research framework for understanding the formation of destination image by international tourists. Design, Methodology and Approach – The literature pertaining to destination image till recently can be divided into three evolutionary stages with stage boundaries marked by the seminal reviews by Echtner & Ritchie in 1991 and by Pike in 2002. The two main focuses of the destination image research are – measurement and theory of the destination image. The evolution of measurement and theory is reviewed, in this conceptual paper, through these stages justifying the proposed new research framework. Findings – The existing theories do not take in to account some of the modern variables such as perceived risks of travel and the power of social networks that fuel word of mouth. Originality of Research – All the conceptual discussions and views are original.

Suggested Citation

  • Ketwadee Madden & Basri Rashid & Noor Azimin Zainol, 2016. "Beyond the motivation theory of destination image," Tourism and Hospitality Management, University of Rijeka, Faculty of Tourism and Hospitality Management, vol. 22(2), pages 247-264, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:tho:journl:v:22:y:2016:n:2:p:247-264
    DOI: 10.20867/thm.22.2.1
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Mohammad Shabib Khasawneh & Ashraf Mohammad Alfandi, 2019. "Determining behaviour intentions from the overall destination image and risk perception," Tourism and Hospitality Management, University of Rijeka, Faculty of Tourism and Hospitality Management, vol. 25(2), pages 355-375, December.
    2. Dounia Sedra & Hicham El Bayed, 2022. "Branding the city: the case of Casablanca-Morocco," Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 18(2), pages 181-189, June.
    3. Paul O. Okumu, Msc & Dorothy A. Amwata, PhD & Mathews Godrick Bulitia, PhD & John K.M. Wandaka, PhD, 2023. "Influence of Cognitive Destination Brand Image on Wildlife Park Attractiveness: A Case Study of the Amboseli-Tsavo Ecosystem, Kenya," International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science, International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS), vol. 7(7), pages 553-566, July.
    4. Li Li & Shasha Li, 2022. "Do Tourists Really Care about Authenticity? A Study on Tourists’ Perceptions of Nature and Culture Authenticity," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(5), pages 1-15, February.
    5. Mariusz Szubert & Witold Warcholik & Michał Żemła, 2021. "The Influence of Elements of Cultural Heritage on the Image of Destinations, Using Four Polish Cities as an Example," Land, MDPI, vol. 10(7), pages 1-21, June.
    6. Pande Gde Bagus Naya Primananda & Ni Nyoman Kerti Yasa & I Putu Gde Sukaatmadja & Putu Yudi Setiawan, 2022. "Destination Image Development in Tourism: Literature Review," International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science, International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS), vol. 6(7), pages 198-202, July.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    destination image; external motivation; internal motivation; word of mouth; perceived risks of travel;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • L83 - Industrial Organization - - Industry Studies: Services - - - Sports; Gambling; Restaurants; Recreation; Tourism

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