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Examining the linkages between automobile use and carbon impacts of community-based ice hockey

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  • Chris Chard
  • Cheryl Mallen

Abstract

► We consider the carbon impact of automobile usage for two minor ice hockey teams in Ontario. ► Carbon calculators are used to establish benchmarks for carbon footprints. ► Awareness of carbon footprints can spur pro-environmental behaviours and actions. ► Individuals and sport managers are called to reduce carbon footprints.Fossil fuels used in automobiles have generated over 15% of the carbon emissions worldwide (Nascimento et al., 2009) and driving represents the human activity contributing the most to air pollution (Barkenbus, 2009; Wiederkehr, 1995). As such, the purpose of this study was to generate understandings concerning the environmental impacts of ice hockey at the community level. Specifically, interviews with parents (n = 32) of minor “rep” ice hockey players on two teams (16 parents from “A” level and 16 parents from “AAA” level) in Ontario, Canada were conducted to elicit information on automobile usage for “away” game travel. Using this information, two carbon footprint calculators were employed (CarbonZero and PlanetAir) to ascertain the carbon footprint of these hockey players. The results of the investigation show that the teams journeyed 44,036 (“A” team) and 33,477 (“AAA” team) kilometres, respectively, for “away” games and the total environmental impact of this travel was approximately 20 tons of carbon dioxide (CO2). Organizational and individual behavioural initiatives, to mitigate impacts, are discussed as are future research initiatives about this important issue.

Suggested Citation

  • Chris Chard & Cheryl Mallen, 2012. "Examining the linkages between automobile use and carbon impacts of community-based ice hockey," Sport Management Review, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 15(4), pages 476-484, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:taf:rsmrxx:v:15:y:2012:i:4:p:476-484
    DOI: 10.1016/j.smr.2012.02.002
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    Cited by:

    1. Dalia Perkumienė & Ahmet Atalay & Biruta Švagždienė, 2023. "Carbon Footprint Stemming from Ice Sports on the Turkey and Lithuanian Scale," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(3), pages 1-18, February.
    2. Wicker, Pamela, 2019. "The carbon footprint of active sport participants," Sport Management Review, Elsevier, vol. 22(4), pages 513-526.
    3. Orr, Madeleine & Inoue, Yuhei, 2019. "Sport versus climate: Introducing the climate vulnerability of sport organizations framework," Sport Management Review, Elsevier, vol. 22(4), pages 452-463.
    4. Manav Khanna & Tiberio Daddi & Federico Merlo & Fabio Iraldo, 2024. "An Assessment on the Carbon Footprint of a Football Club—an Action Research from Theory to Practice," Circular Economy and Sustainability, Springer, vol. 4(2), pages 1587-1612, June.
    5. Laurent Castaignède & Frederic Veny & Johnathan Edwards & Véronique Billat, 2021. "The Carbon Footprint of Marathon Runners: Training and Racing," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(5), pages 1-10, March.
    6. Chris Chard & Cheryl Mallen, 2013. "Renewable Energy Initiatives at Canadian Sport Stadiums: A Content Analysis of Web-Site Communications," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 5(12), pages 1-16, November.
    7. Ricardo Roseira Cayolla & Joana A. Quintela & Teresa Santos, 2022. "“If You Don’t Know Me by Now”—The Importance of Sustainability Initiative Awareness for Stakeholders of Professional Sports Organizations," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(9), pages 1-16, April.
    8. Stavros Triantafyllidis & Robert J. Ries & Kyriaki (Kiki) Kaplanidou, 2018. "Carbon Dioxide Emissions of Spectators’ Transportation in Collegiate Sporting Events: Comparing On-Campus and Off-Campus Stadium Locations," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(1), pages 1-18, January.
    9. Nicholas Watanabe & Grace Yan & Christopher McLeod, 2023. "The Impact of Sporting Events on Air Pollution: An Empirical Examination of National Football League Games," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(6), pages 1-13, March.

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