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Beta, Firm Size, Book-to-Market Equity and Stock Returns

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  • Michael Drew

Abstract

The capital asset pricing model (CAPM), which has dominated finance theory for over thirty years, is concerned with the relationship between risk and the expected return on risky assets. According to the CAPM the market beta alone is sufficient to explain security returns and that there is a positive expected premium for investing in beta risks. However, evidence shows that the single risk factor is not quite adequate for describing the cross-section of stock returns. The current consensus is that firm size and book-to-market equity factors are pervasive risk factors besides the overall market factor. In this paper we compare the explanatory power of a single index model with the multifactor asset-pricing model of Fama and French (1996) for Hong Kong, Korea, Malaysia and the Philippines. Our findings suggest that the CAPM beta alone is not sufficient to describe the cross-section of expected returns. We also find that the absolute pricing errors of the CAPM are quite large when compared with the multifactor model of Fama and French (1996). Our findings show that firm size and book-to-market equity help explain the variation in average stock returns in a meaningful manner.

Suggested Citation

  • Michael Drew, 2003. "Beta, Firm Size, Book-to-Market Equity and Stock Returns," Journal of the Asia Pacific Economy, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 8(3), pages 354-379.
    • Handle: RePEc:taf:rjapxx:v:8:y:2003:i:3:p:354-379
    DOI: 10.1080/13547860306289
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    Cited by:

    1. Pasaribu, Rowland Bismark Fernando, 2010. "Pemilihan Model Asset Pricing [Asset pricing model selection: Indonesian Stock Exchange]," MPRA Paper 36978, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    2. Pheng Bian Ong & Mohamed Hisham Hanifa & Mansor Mohd Isa, 2018. "Do Firm Size and Value Affect Shareholder Returns in Malaysia?," Capital Markets Review, Malaysian Finance Association, vol. 26(2), pages 53-69.
    3. Nawazish Mirza & Saima Shahid, 2008. "Size and Value Premium inKarachi Stock Exchange," Lahore Journal of Economics, Department of Economics, The Lahore School of Economics, vol. 13(2), pages 1-26, Jul-Dec.
    4. Emine Ebru AKSOY & Erginbay UÐURLU, 2015. "How did the 2007-2008 Financial Crisis Influence Turkish Firms," Journal of Economics and Political Economy, KSP Journals, vol. 2(4), pages 494-506, December.
    5. Jannatul Ferdaous & Senjuti Barua, 2020. "Firm-Specific Factors and Stock Returns: Evidence from Selected Private Commercial Banks Listed on the Dhaka Stock Exchange," Asian Economic and Financial Review, Asian Economic and Social Society, vol. 10(11), pages 1259-1268, November.
    6. Bee-Hoong Tay & Pei-Tha Gan, 2016. "The Determinants of Investment Rewards: Evidence for Selected Developed and Developing Countries," International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, Econjournals, vol. 6(3), pages 1180-1188.
    7. Lischewski, Judith & Voronkova, Svitlana, 2012. "Size, value and liquidity. Do They Really Matter on an Emerging Stock Market?," Emerging Markets Review, Elsevier, vol. 13(1), pages 8-25.
    8. Senjuti Barua, 2020. "Firm Level Characteristics and Stock Returns: Evidence from Selected Insurance Companies Listed on the Dhaka Stock Exchange," Asian Economic and Financial Review, Asian Economic and Social Society, vol. 10(12), pages 1356-1365, December.
    9. ALAM Nafis & TAN Ee Chain, 2012. "Impact Of Financial Crisis On Stock Returns: Evidence From Singapore," Studies in Business and Economics, Lucian Blaga University of Sibiu, Faculty of Economic Sciences, vol. 7(2), pages 5-19, August.
    10. Chen, Tsung-Cheng & Chien, Chin-Chen, 2011. "Size effect in January and cultural influences in an emerging stock market: The perspective of behavioral finance," Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 19(2), pages 208-229, April.
    11. Ailie Charteris & Mukashema Rwishema & Tafadzwa-Hidah Chidede, 2018. "Asset Pricing and Momentum: A South African Perspective," Journal of African Business, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 19(1), pages 62-85, January.
    12. Shum, Wai Cheong & Tang, Gordon Y.N., 2005. "Common risk factors in returns in Asian emerging stock markets," International Business Review, Elsevier, vol. 14(6), pages 695-717, December.
    13. Nawazish Mirza, 2008. "Size and value premium in Karachi stock exchange," CREB Working papers 1-2008, Centre for Research in Economics and Business, The Lahore School of Economics, revised 2008.
    14. Sunil Kumar Bundoo, 2008. "An augmented Fama and French three-factor model: new evidence from an emerging stock market," Applied Economics Letters, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 15(15), pages 1213-1218.
    15. Chaibi Hasna & Ben Naceur Sami, 2010. "The Best Asset Pricing Model for Estimating Industry Costs of Equity in Tunisia," Review of Middle East Economics and Finance, De Gruyter, vol. 5(3), pages 63-90, February.
    16. Ayesha Afzal & Nawazish Mirza, 2011. "Size and Value Premium in International Portfolios: Evidence from 15 European Countries," Czech Journal of Economics and Finance (Finance a uver), Charles University Prague, Faculty of Social Sciences, vol. 61(2), pages 173-190, June.
    17. Keith Lam & Frank Li & Simon So, 2010. "On the validity of the augmented Fama and French’s (1993) model: evidence from the Hong Kong stock market," Review of Quantitative Finance and Accounting, Springer, vol. 35(1), pages 89-111, July.
    18. Yu, Huaibing, 2022. "Does sustainable competitive advantage make a difference in stock performance during the Covid-19 pandemic?," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 48(C).
    19. Hearn, Bruce & Piesse, Jenifer & Strange, Roger, 2010. "Market liquidity and stock size premia in emerging financial markets: The implications for foreign investment," International Business Review, Elsevier, vol. 19(5), pages 489-501, October.
    20. M. Eskandar Shah & Sourafel Girm & R. Hudson, 2012. "Rationalizing the Value Premium under Economic Fundamentals in an Emerging Market," Working Papers 12010, Bangor Business School, Prifysgol Bangor University (Cymru / Wales).

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