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Innovation, Regions and Proximity: From Neo-Regionalism to Spatial Analysis

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  • Richard Shearmur

Abstract

Shearmur R. Innovation, regions and proximity: from neo-regionalism to spatial analysis, Regional Studies . There have recently been questions regarding how geographic proximity should be conceptualized in the study of regional innovation. This stems partly from different meanings of the term ‘innovation’ (incremental product and process innovation in this paper) and partly from the way space is usually conceptualized: regions are conceived as bounded territories with particular attributes (neo-regionalism). Drawing upon spatial analytical concepts, it is suggested in this paper that an alternative to neo-regionalism is to view space as a continuous field of opportunities, with accessibility to factors of innovation playing a key role for local innovativeness. An analysis of Qu�bec innovation data corroborates this approach. Shearmur R. Innovation, regions et proximit�: du n�or�gionalisme à l'analyse spatiale, Regional Studies . La conceptualisation de la notion de proximit� g�ographique dans les �tudes sur l'innovation soulève actuellement des d�bats. Ces d�bats reposent en partie sur les diff�rentes acceptions du terme innovation (dans cet article il s'agit d'innovations incr�mentales de produits et de proc�d�s), en partie sur la manière dont on appr�hende l'espace: en g�n�ral, celui-ci est conçu comme constitu� de territoires d�limit�s, chacun dot� de caract�ristiques particulières. En s'inspirant de notions d'analyse spatiale, cet article propose une manière alternative d'introduire l'espace dans les �tudes d'innovation, c'est-à-dire de le consid�rer comme un champ continu de possibilit�s. Dans ce cadre, c'est l'accessibilit� relative aux facteurs d'innovation qui serait la cl� de l'innovation locale. Des r�sultats empiriques portant sur le Qu�bec corroborent cette id�e. Systèmes d'innovation Analyse spatiale N�or�gionalisme Qu�bec G�ographie Ind ustrie Shearmur R. Innovation, Regionen und Nähe: vom Neoregionalismus zur Raumanalyse, Regional Studies . In letzter Zeit wurde die Frage laut, wie geografische Nähe bei der Untersuchung regionaler Innovation konzeptualisiert werden sollte. Der Ursprung dieser Frage liegt zum Teil in den verschiedenen Bedeutungen des Begriffs der ‘Innovation’ begründet (in diesem Beitrag eine gesteigerte Produkt- und Prozessinnovation) und zum Teil in der Art, in der der Raum gewöhnlich konzeptualisiert wird: Regionen werden als abgegrenzte Gebiete mit bestimmten Merkmalen aufgefasst (Neoregionalismus). Ausgehend von räumlichen Analysekonzepten wird in diesem Beitrag als Alternative zum Neoregionalismus vorgeschlagen, den Raum als kontinuierliches Feld von Gelegenheiten zu betrachten, wobei die Verfügbarkeit von Innovationsfaktoren für die Innovationsfähigkeit vor Ort eine zentrale Rolle spielt. Bei einer Analyse der Innovationsdaten von Quebec bestätigt sich dieser Ansatz. Innovationssysteme Raumanalyse Neoregionalismus Quebe c Geografie Produktion Shearmur R. Innovación, regiones y proximidad: del neorregionalismo al análisis espacial, Regional Studies . Recientemente se ha cuestionado cómo deber�a ser conceptualizada la proximidad geográfica en el estudio de la innovación regional. El origen de esta pregunta radica en parte en los diferentes significados del t�rmino ‘innovación’ (en este art�culo, innovación incremental de productos y procesos) y en parte en cómo se suele conceptualizar el espacio: las regiones se conciben como territorios limitados con caracter�sticas particulares (neorregionalismo). Basándonos en conceptos anal�ticos espaciales, en este art�culo sugerimos que una alternativa al neorregionalismo es considerar el espacio como un campo continuo de oportunidades en el que la capacidad de acceder a factores de innovación desempeña un papel fundamental para la capacidad innovadora a nivel local. Un análisis de los datos de innovación en Quebec corrobora este planteamiento. Sistemas de innovación Análisis espacial Neorregionalismo Quebec Geograf�a Fab ricación

Suggested Citation

  • Richard Shearmur, 2011. "Innovation, Regions and Proximity: From Neo-Regionalism to Spatial Analysis," Regional Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 45(9), pages 1225-1243, February.
  • Handle: RePEc:taf:regstd:v:45:y:2011:i:9:p:1225-1243
    DOI: 10.1080/00343404.2010.484416
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Charlie Karlsson & Martin Andersson, 2009. "Entrepreneurship Policies," International Studies in Entrepreneurship, in: Rui Baptista & Joao Leitao (ed.), Public Policies for Fostering Entrepreneurship, chapter 0, pages 111-131, Springer.
    2. Mike Coombes & José M. Casado-Díaz, 2005. "The evolution of Local Labour Market Areas in contrasting region," ERSA conference papers ersa05p303, European Regional Science Association.
    3. Ejermo, Olof & Gråsjö, Urban, 2008. "The Effects of R&D on Regional Invention and Innovation," Papers in Innovation Studies 2008/3, Lund University, CIRCLE - Centre for Innovation Research.
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