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Describing the Dynamics of Attention to TV Commercials: A Hierarchical Bayes Analysis of the Time to Zap an Ad

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  • Paul Gustafson
  • S. Siddarth

Abstract

This paper provides insights into the dynamics of attention to TV commercials via an analysis of the length of time that commercials are viewed before being 'zapped'. The model, which incorporates a flexible baseline hazard rate and captures unobserved heterogeneity across both consumers and commercials using a hierarchical Bayes approach, is estimated on two datasets in which commercial viewing is captured by a passive online device that continually monitors a household's TV viewing. Consistent with previous findings in psychology about the nature of attentional engagement in TV viewing, baseline hazard rates are found to be non-monotonic. In addition, the data show considerable ad-to-ad and household-to-household heterogeneity in zapping behavior. While one of the datasets contains some information on characteristics of the ads, these data do not reveal any firm links between the ad heterogeneity and the ad characteristics. A number of methodological and computational issues arise in the hierarchical Bayes analysis.

Suggested Citation

  • Paul Gustafson & S. Siddarth, 2007. "Describing the Dynamics of Attention to TV Commercials: A Hierarchical Bayes Analysis of the Time to Zap an Ad," Journal of Applied Statistics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 34(5), pages 585-609.
    • Handle: RePEc:taf:japsta:v:34:y:2007:i:5:p:585-609
    DOI: 10.1080/02664760701235279
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Beth L. Fossen & Alexander Bleier, 2021. "Online program engagement and audience size during television ads," Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, Springer, vol. 49(4), pages 743-761, July.
    2. Anthony Dukes & Qihong Liu & Jie Shuai, 2022. "Skippable Ads: Interactive Advertising on Digital Media Platforms," Marketing Science, INFORMS, vol. 41(3), pages 528-547, May.
    3. Bellman, Steven & Beal, Virginia & Wooley, Brooke & Varan, Duane, 2020. "Viewing time as a cross-media metric: Comparing viewing time for video advertising on television and online," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 120(C), pages 103-113.
    4. Bellman, Steven & Murphy, Jamie & Treleaven-Hassard, Shiree & O'Farrell, James & Qiu, Lili & Varan, Duane, 2013. "Using Internet Behavior to Deliver Relevant Television Commercials," Journal of Interactive Marketing, Elsevier, vol. 27(2), pages 130-140.
    5. Thales S. Teixeira & Michel Wedel & Rik Pieters, 2010. "Moment-to-Moment Optimal Branding in TV Commercials: Preventing Avoidance by Pulsing," Marketing Science, INFORMS, vol. 29(5), pages 783-804, 09-10.

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