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Advancing Sponge City Implementation in China: The Quest for a Strategy Model

Author

Listed:
  • Faiza CHIKHI

    (Wuhan University of Technology)

  • Chuancheng LI

    (Wuhan University of Technology)

  • Qunfeng JI

    (Wuhan University of Technology)

  • Xilin ZHOU

    (Wuhan University of Technology)

Abstract

The unbridled expansion of urban development in China has created unsustainable challenges in the management of urban rainwater. In response, the Chinese government has endorsed sponge city (SPC) theory as a sustainable urban development model that aims to enhance urban planning, construction, and sustainable wastewater management. However, despite the issuance of policies and regulations, the envisioned SPC goals remain difficult to achieve in current implementations. This review paper proposes an idealized SPC strategy model that can be adopted by pilot cities in China. This model was developed by thoroughly analyzing policy requirements and in-field achievements, evaluating diverse implementation scenarios, and contrasting the outcomes in three different pilot cities in China. The demonstrated success of city construction has highlighted the potential to simultaneously achieve multiple objectives, including conserving urban water resources, enhancing urban water quality, ensuring water safety, and revitalizing urban water ecosystems. This review supports the use of a planning approach that integrates the drainage division, aligns with project-specific conditions and emphasizes the importance of low-impact development (LID) facility placement within drainage zones. Consequently, this study calls for exploring the impact of catchment topography on LID performance. Finally, the results of this study highlight the necessity of investigating precipitation variations among LID facilities during rainfall events and exploring cost-effective material alternatives to improve the effectiveness of SPC implementations.

Suggested Citation

  • Faiza CHIKHI & Chuancheng LI & Qunfeng JI & Xilin ZHOU, 2024. "Advancing Sponge City Implementation in China: The Quest for a Strategy Model," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 38(7), pages 2251-2277, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:waterr:v:38:y:2024:i:7:d:10.1007_s11269-024-03784-1
    DOI: 10.1007/s11269-024-03784-1
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Jian Wang & Fei Xue & Ruiying Jing & Qiaohui Lu & Yilong Huang & Xiang Sun & Wenbo Zhu, 2021. "Regenerating Sponge City to Sponge Watershed through an Innovative Framework for Urban Water Resilience," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(10), pages 1-36, May.
    2. Ayse Muhammetoglu & Pelin Orhan & Ozgun Akdegirmen & Secil Tuzun Dugan & Habib Muhammetoglu, 2023. "An Integrated Modeling Approach to Assess Best Management Practices (BMPs) for Improving Stream Water Quality Using the MapShed and WASP8 Models," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 37(15), pages 6237-6253, December.
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    6. Yuanying Chi & Guoqing Bai & Hua Dong, 2021. "A New Multicriteria Decision-Making Method for the Selection of Sponge City Schemes with Shapley–Choquet Aggregation Operators," Mathematical Problems in Engineering, Hindawi, vol. 2021, pages 1-16, January.
    7. Yongchi Ma & Yong Jiang, 2023. "Ecosystem-based adaptation to address urbanization and climate change challenges: the case of China’s sponge city initiative," Climate Policy, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 23(2), pages 268-284, February.
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    9. Jing Feng & Yuanyuan Yang & Jianzhu Li, 2023. "Optimization of the Low-Impact Development Facility Area Based on a Surrogate Model," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 37(14), pages 5789-5806, November.
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    1. Xiangzhou Xu & Mingyang Liu & Hang Gao & Peiqing Xiao & Yu Zhang, 2025. "Rainwater Harvest with Desert-Sand Bricks: An Adaptive Water Resources Management Strategy for Climate Change," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 39(2), pages 809-819, January.

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