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A longitudinal and cross-sectional study of Swedish biomedical PhD processes 1991–2009 with emphasis on international and gender aspects

Author

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  • Lars H. Breimer

    (Örebro University Hospital)

  • Torbjörn K. Nilsson

    (Örebro University Hospital)

Abstract

This longitudinal survey of Swedish biomedical PhDs from 1991 to 2009 found a 2.5-fold increase in biomedical PhD graduates, especially women, and mainly non-MDs, while the number of MDs remained fairly constant. The proportion obtaining a biomedical PhD in Sweden in 2006 was two and a half times that in USA compared to population and three and a half times by GDP, but similar to that of the Netherlands. Female non-MD but not female MD candidates were more likely than men to be examined by female examiners. Fewer of the non-MD than MD women continued to publish in English after their PhD. The median number of authors per paper in a thesis had increased by 1 (from 4 to 5) compared with 15–20 years ago. Swedish biomedical research was already well internationalized in 1991, when 38% of the external examiners came from abroad. This rose to 53% in 2003 but in 2009 had returned to 42%. USA and UK were the most common countries but Australia accounted for 2%. When assessed by connection with foreign research teams, Swedish researchers were also internationally well connected. Studies in other countries are needed to assess how generally applicable these findings are. Our findings suggest that the policy and management of Swedish scientific research systems needs revision to harmonize with the national economic capacity.

Suggested Citation

  • Lars H. Breimer & Torbjörn K. Nilsson, 2010. "A longitudinal and cross-sectional study of Swedish biomedical PhD processes 1991–2009 with emphasis on international and gender aspects," Scientometrics, Springer;Akadémiai Kiadó, vol. 85(2), pages 401-414, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:scient:v:85:y:2010:i:2:d:10.1007_s11192-010-0227-3
    DOI: 10.1007/s11192-010-0227-3
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Karen Seashore Louis & Janet M. Holdsworth & Melissa S. Anderson & Eric G. Campbell, 2008. "Everyday Ethics in Research: Translating Authorship Guidelines into Practice in the Bench Sciences," The Journal of Higher Education, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 79(1), pages 88-112, January.
    2. Frank Gannon & Jennifer Norman & Mare Kriis & Anne Walter & Lars Breimer, 1997. "EMBO fellows go home," Nature, Nature, vol. 388(6641), pages 416-416, July.
    3. Lars H. Breimer, 2010. "Swedish biomedical PhD examination: an international forum and a proposed procedure for Europe," Scientometrics, Springer;Akadémiai Kiadó, vol. 83(2), pages 583-587, May.
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    Cited by:

    1. Lars H. Breimer, 2013. "Impact of foreign external PhD examiners on academic collaboration patterns," Scientometrics, Springer;Akadémiai Kiadó, vol. 96(1), pages 315-322, July.
    2. Hamzehali Nourmohammadi & Fateme Hodaei, 2014. "Perspective of Iranian women’s scientific production in high priority fields of science and technology," Scientometrics, Springer;Akadémiai Kiadó, vol. 98(2), pages 1455-1471, February.
    3. Lars H. Breimer & Dimitri P. Mikhailidis, 2020. "Half a century and more of PhD theses by published papers," Scientometrics, Springer;Akadémiai Kiadó, vol. 125(1), pages 813-816, October.
    4. Hajar Sotudeh & Nahid Khoshian, 2014. "Gender differences in science: the case of scientific productivity in Nano Science & Technology during 2005–2007," Scientometrics, Springer;Akadémiai Kiadó, vol. 98(1), pages 457-472, January.
    5. Thu-Trang Vuong & Hong Kong T. Nguyen & Tung Manh Ho & Toan Manh Ho & Quan-Hoang Vuong, 2017. "The (In)Significance of Socio-Demographic Factors as Possible Determinants of Vietnamese Social Scientists’ Contribution-Adjusted Productivity: Preliminary Results from 2008–2017 Scopus Data," Societies, MDPI, vol. 8(1), pages 1-16, December.
    6. Inés M. Fernández-Guerrero & Zoraida Callejas & David Griol & Antonio Fernández-Cano, 2020. "Longitudinal patterns in Spanish doctoral theses on scientific medical information: a tertiary study," Scientometrics, Springer;Akadémiai Kiadó, vol. 124(2), pages 1241-1260, August.
    7. Lars H. Breimer & Janeth Leksell, 2011. "Longitudinal and cross-sectional study of registered nurses in Sweden who undertake a PhD showing that nurses continue to publish in English after their PhD but male nurses are more productive than fe," Scientometrics, Springer;Akadémiai Kiadó, vol. 87(2), pages 337-345, May.
    8. Lars H. Breimer & Torbjörn K. Nilsson, 2014. "Considerations for appointing an external examiner of a PhD in the biomedical sciences in Sweden: a questionnaire-based survey," Scientometrics, Springer;Akadémiai Kiadó, vol. 98(3), pages 2039-2049, March.
    9. Hajar Sotudeh & Nahid Khoshian, 2014. "Gender, web presence and scientific productivity in nanoscience and nanotechnology," Scientometrics, Springer;Akadémiai Kiadó, vol. 99(3), pages 717-736, June.

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