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Wildfire impacts on schools and hospitals following the 2018 California Camp Fire

Author

Listed:
  • Stefanie S. Schulze

    (Oregon State University)

  • Erica C. Fischer

    (Oregon State University)

  • Sara Hamideh

    (Stony Brook University)

  • Hussam Mahmoud

    (Colorado State University)

Abstract

Wildfire impacts on communities have become more pronounced in recent years as the intensity and frequency of wildfires have increased in densely populated areas of the USA. Communities located in the wildland–urban interface (WUI) neighboring high wildfire risk zones are at highest risk of damage to civil infrastructure. This paper summarizes an investigation on the 2018 Camp Fire impacts to schools and healthcare facilities in Paradise, CA. The paper demonstrates that interdisciplinary data collection methods can provide a comprehensive overview of school and hospital damage after a wildfire. Photographs, light detection and ranging (LiDAR) scans of damaged buildings, drone aerial images, and interviews with key school and healthcare stakeholders provided valuable information on the structural and nonstructural damages to infrastructure. Interviews also provided context to the impacts of infrastructure damage on the ability of education and healthcare facilities to operate or reopen following the fire. Nonstructural damage to schools and hospitals, such as damage to electrical systems or other utilities, significantly impacted the functionality of these facilities. Understanding the vulnerabilities of WUI communities to wildfire will help with disaster mitigation and recovery planning and aid in restoring critical services after the disaster.

Suggested Citation

  • Stefanie S. Schulze & Erica C. Fischer & Sara Hamideh & Hussam Mahmoud, 2020. "Wildfire impacts on schools and hospitals following the 2018 California Camp Fire," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 104(1), pages 901-925, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:nathaz:v:104:y:2020:i:1:d:10.1007_s11069-020-04197-0
    DOI: 10.1007/s11069-020-04197-0
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Runkle, J.D. & Brock-Martin, A. & Karmaus, W. & Svendsen, E.R., 2012. "Secondary surge capacity: A framework for understanding long-term access to primary care for medically vulnerable populations in disaster recovery," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 102(12), pages 24-32.
    2. Diana Mitsova & Monica Escaleras & Alka Sapat & Ann-Margaret Esnard & Alberto J. Lamadrid, 2019. "The Effects of Infrastructure Service Disruptions and Socio-Economic Vulnerability on Hurricane Recovery," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(2), pages 1-16, January.
    3. Douglas Thomas & David Butry, 2014. "Areas of the U.S. wildland–urban interface threatened by wildfire during the 2001–2010 decade," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 71(3), pages 1561-1585, April.
    4. Hassan, Emad M. & Mahmoud, Hussam, 2020. "An integrated socio-technical approach for post-earthquake recovery of interdependent healthcare system," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 201(C).
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Ji Yun Lee & Fangjiao Ma & Yue Li, 2022. "Understanding homeowner proactive actions for managing wildfire risks," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 114(2), pages 1525-1547, November.
    2. Tolulope O. Odimayomi & Caitlin R. Proctor & Qi Erica Wang & Arman Sabbaghi & Kimberly S. Peterson & David J. Yu & Juneseok Lee & Amisha D. Shah & Christian J. Ley & Yoorae Noh & Charlotte D. Smith & , 2021. "Water safety attitudes, risk perception, experiences, and education for households impacted by the 2018 Camp Fire, California," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 108(1), pages 947-975, August.
    3. Sara Hamideh & Payel Sen & Erica Fischer, 2022. "Wildfire impacts on education and healthcare: Paradise, California, after the Camp Fire," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 111(1), pages 353-387, March.
    4. Alisjahbana, Irene & Graur, Andrei & Lo, Irene & Kiremidjian, Anne, 2022. "Optimizing strategies for post-disaster reconstruction of school systems," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 219(C).
    5. Sayaka Suzuki & Samuel L. Manzello, 2021. "Ignition Vulnerabilities of Combustibles around Houses to Firebrand Showers: Further Comparison of Experiments," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(4), pages 1-14, February.
    6. Mahmoud, Hussam & Kirsch, Thomas & O'Neil, Dan & Anderson, Shelby, 2023. "The resilience of health care systems following major disruptive events: Current practice and a path forward," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 235(C).

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