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Influence of diagram layout and scrolling on understandability of BPMN processes: an eye tracking experiment with BPMN diagrams

Author

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  • Daniel Lübke

    (Leibniz Universität Hannover)

  • Maike Ahrens

    (Leibniz Universität Hannover)

  • Kurt Schneider

    (Leibniz Universität Hannover)

Abstract

Business process modeling is an important activity for developing software systems—especially within digitization projects and when realizing digital business models. Specifying requirements and building executable workflows is often done by using BPMN 2.0 process models. Although there are several style guides available for BPMN, e.g., by Silver and Richard (BPMN method and style, vol 2, Cody-Cassidy Press, Aptos, 2009), there has not been much empirical research done into the consequences of the diagram layout. In particular, layouts that require scrolling have not been investigated yet. The aim of this research is to establish layout guidelines for business process modeling that help business process modelers to create more understandable business process diagrams. For establishing benefits and penalties of different layouts, a controlled eye tracking experiment was conducted, in which data of 21 professional software developers was used. Our results show that horizontal layouts are less demanding and that as many diagram elements as possible should be put on the initially visible screen area because such diagram elements are viewed more often and longer. Additionally, diagram elements related to the reader’s task are read more often than those not relevant to the task. BPMN modelers should favor a horizontal layout and use a more complex snake or multi-line layout whenever the diagrams are too large to fit on one page in order to support BPMN model comprehension.

Suggested Citation

  • Daniel Lübke & Maike Ahrens & Kurt Schneider, 2021. "Influence of diagram layout and scrolling on understandability of BPMN processes: an eye tracking experiment with BPMN diagrams," Information Technology and Management, Springer, vol. 22(2), pages 99-131, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:infotm:v:22:y:2021:i:2:d:10.1007_s10799-021-00327-7
    DOI: 10.1007/s10799-021-00327-7
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Kathrin Figl, 2017. "Comprehension of Procedural Visual Business Process Models," Business & Information Systems Engineering: The International Journal of WIRTSCHAFTSINFORMATIK, Springer;Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V. (GI), vol. 59(1), pages 41-67, February.
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    3. Jan Mendling & Jan Recker & Hajo A. Reijers & Henrik Leopold, 2019. "An Empirical Review of the Connection Between Model Viewer Characteristics and the Comprehension of Conceptual Process Models," Information Systems Frontiers, Springer, vol. 21(5), pages 1111-1135, October.
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