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Cohort-specific disability trajectories among older women and men in Europe 2004–2017

Author

Listed:
  • Stefan Fors

    (Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University
    Region Stockholm)

  • Stefania Illinca

    (European Center for Social Welfare Policy and Research)

  • Janet Jull

    (Queen’s University)

  • Selma Kadi

    (European Center for Social Welfare Policy and Research)

  • Susan Phillips

    (Queen’s University)

  • Ricardo Rodrigues

    (European Center for Social Welfare Policy and Research)

  • Afshin Vafaei

    (Queen’s University)

  • Eszter Zolyomi

    (European Center for Social Welfare Policy and Research)

  • Johan Rehnberg

    (Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University)

Abstract

As the population of Europe grows older, one crucial issue is how the incidence and prevalence of disabilities are developing over time in the older population. In this study, we compare cohort-specific disability trajectories in old age across subsequent birth cohorts in Europe, during the period 2004–2017.We used data from seven waves of data from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE). Mixed effects logistic regression models were used to model trajectories of accumulation of ADL limitations for subsequent birth cohorts of older women and men in different European regions. The results showed that there were sex differences in ADL and IADL limitations in all regions for most cohorts. Women reported more limitations than men, particularly in Eastern and Southern rather than Northern and Western Europe. Among men in Eastern, Northern and Western Europe, later born cohorts reported more disabilities than did earlier born birth cohorts at the same ages. Similar patterns were observed for women in Northern and Western Europe. In contrast, the risk of disabilities was lower in later born cohorts than in earlier born birth cohorts among women in Eastern Europe. Overall, results from this study suggest that disability trajectories in different cohorts of men and women were by and large similar across Europe. The trajectories varied more depending on sex, age and region than depending on cohort.

Suggested Citation

  • Stefan Fors & Stefania Illinca & Janet Jull & Selma Kadi & Susan Phillips & Ricardo Rodrigues & Afshin Vafaei & Eszter Zolyomi & Johan Rehnberg, 2022. "Cohort-specific disability trajectories among older women and men in Europe 2004–2017," European Journal of Ageing, Springer, vol. 19(4), pages 1111-1119, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:eujoag:v:19:y:2022:i:4:d:10.1007_s10433-022-00684-4
    DOI: 10.1007/s10433-022-00684-4
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Lin, S.-F. & Beck, A.N. & Finch, B.K. & Hummer, R.A. & Master, R.K., 2012. "Trends in US older adult disability: Exploring age, period, and cohort effects," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 102(11), pages 2157-2163.
    2. Muhammad Zakir Hossin & Olof Östergren & Stefan Fors & Jessica Kelley-Moore, 2019. "Is the Association Between Late Life Morbidity and Disability Attenuated Over Time? Exploring the Dynamic Equilibrium of Morbidity Hypothesis," The Journals of Gerontology: Series B, The Gerontological Society of America, vol. 74(8), pages 97-106.
    3. Stefan Fors & Mats Thorslund, 2015. "Enduring inequality: educational disparities in health among the oldest old in Sweden 1992–2011," International Journal of Public Health, Springer;Swiss School of Public Health (SSPH+), vol. 60(1), pages 91-98, January.
    4. repec:prs:ecstat:estat_0336-1454_2017_num_491_1_10758 is not listed on IDEAS
    5. Stefan Fors & Mats Thorslund, 2015. "Erratum to: Enduring inequality: educational disparities in health among the oldest old in Sweden 1992–2011," International Journal of Public Health, Springer;Swiss School of Public Health (SSPH+), vol. 60(1), pages 99-99, January.
    6. Louise Sundberg & Neda Agahi & Johan Fritzell & Stefan Fors, 2018. "Why is the gender gap in life expectancy decreasing? The impact of age- and cause-specific mortality in Sweden 1997–2014," International Journal of Public Health, Springer;Swiss School of Public Health (SSPH+), vol. 63(6), pages 673-681, July.
    7. Yang Yang & Linda C. Lee, 2010. "Dynamics and Heterogeneity in the Process of Human Frailty and Aging: Evidence From the U.S. Older Adult Population," The Journals of Gerontology: Series B, The Gerontological Society of America, vol. 65(2), pages 246-255.
    8. Alina Schmitz & Patrick Lazarevič, 2020. "The gender health gap in Europe’s ageing societies: universal findings across countries and age groups?," European Journal of Ageing, Springer, vol. 17(4), pages 509-520, December.
    9. Henri Martin, 2017. "Calculating the standard of living of a household: one or several equivalence scales?," Economie et Statistique / Economics and Statistics, Institut National de la Statistique et des Etudes Economiques (INSEE), issue 491-492, pages 93-108.
    10. Eikemo, Terje Andreas & Bambra, Clare & Judge, Ken & Ringdal, Kristen, 2008. "Welfare state regimes and differences in self-perceived health in Europe: A multilevel analysis," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 66(11), pages 2281-2295, June.
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