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Vulnerability assessment on human settlement environment of coastal towns with entire-array-polygon method: evidence from Ninghai, China

Author

Listed:
  • Qiuxiao Chen

    (Hangzhou City University
    Zhejiang University)

  • Kewei Zhang

    (China Energy Engineering Group Zhejiang Electric Power Design Institute Co., Ltd)

  • Geyuan Zhang

    (Zhejiang University)

  • Mingyu Zhang

    (Zhejiang University
    Zhejiang University)

Abstract

Rapid urbanization in developing countries is accompanied by changes in the human settlement environment. There is limited research on mixed urban–rural areas with dense population, where new challenges have arisen due to various external and internal factors; therefore, signs of vulnerability are emerging fast. Taking the towns in Ninghai, China as examples, this paper analyzed the vulnerability of human settlement environment in coastal towns of eastern China. Based on the system composition theory of human settlement and the human–environment coupling system vulnerability framework, the key elements and measurement indicators of five vulnerability sub-systems were determined, and the vulnerability assessment system of human settlement environment in Ninghai was constructed. With the entire-array-polygon method, it is found that the overall vulnerability value of each sub-system in Ninghai was in good condition. The paper also revealed that the human settlement environment in Ninghai was mainly restricted by population sub-system, residential sub-system and social sub-system. Specifically, the vulnerability of population sub-system was mainly caused by population size, population growth and population burden, while that of the residential sub-system was mainly caused by the level of settlements, living conditions and green space parks; in addition, the vulnerability of the social sub-system was mainly due to the lack of non-agricultural industries and social security inadequacies. Overall, these findings can serve as a useful reference for local governments to formulate targeted policies to improve the human settlement environment in Ninghai.

Suggested Citation

  • Qiuxiao Chen & Kewei Zhang & Geyuan Zhang & Mingyu Zhang, 2025. "Vulnerability assessment on human settlement environment of coastal towns with entire-array-polygon method: evidence from Ninghai, China," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 27(6), pages 13191-13214, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:endesu:v:27:y:2025:i:6:d:10.1007_s10668-023-04419-y
    DOI: 10.1007/s10668-023-04419-y
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Cheng, Mingyang & Yansui Liu, & Zhou, Yang, 2019. "Measuring the symbiotic development of rural housing and industry: A case study of Fuping County in the Taihang Mountains in China," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 82(C), pages 307-316.
    2. Fan Wu & Yue Liu & Yingyan Zeng & Hui Yan & Yi Zhang & Ling-Hin Li, 2020. "Evaluation of the Human Settlements Environment of Public Housing Community: A Case Study of Guangzhou," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(18), pages 1-17, September.
    3. Yikun Su & Hong Xue & Huakang Liang, 2019. "An Evaluation Model for Urban Comprehensive Carrying Capacity: An Empirical Case from Harbin City," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(3), pages 1-25, January.
    4. Zhuoran Lv & Huadong Guo & Lu Zhang & Dong Liang, 2022. "Comparative Study on the Evaluation of Healthy City Construction in Typical Chinese Cities Based on Statistical Data and Land Use Data," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(5), pages 1-21, February.
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