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Aquatic plant diversity and physicochemical characteristics of headwater stream Bal Ganga, Garhwal Himalaya

Author

Listed:
  • Rahul Kumar

    (H.N.B. Garhwal University (A Central University))

  • Chandi Prasad

    (H.N.B. Garhwal University (A Central University))

  • Stanzin Namtak

    (H.N.B. Garhwal University (A Central University))

  • Vishav Kirti

    (H.N.B. Garhwal University (A Central University))

  • Rifat Azam

    (Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University (A Central University))

  • Anushka Sharma

    (Guru Nanak Dev University)

Abstract

The headwater stream Bal Ganga is a famous perennial, snow-fed tributary of the River Bhilangana. It emanates from the Khatling glacier and then mixed with the Dharam Ganga in Chamiyala and ultimately merges with the River Bhilangana in Muniprayag near the Ghansali town. The altitudinal gradient of Bal Ganga stream is not very high. The total basin reflects a network of various streams, rivulets of various dimensions beautifully representing a dendritic drainage or river system pattern. A total of three sites were identified for the collection of water samples in the study area. Analysis of physicochemical profile of mountain fluvial system of Bal Ganga had been undertaken for a time span of 12 months during October, 2016 to September, 2017. A total of thirteen physicochemical parameters were recorded during the study period. The water velocity was recorded between 0.47 and 2.24 m s−1. Hydro median depth was recorded within a range of 3.14–4.89 m. Total dissolved solids were found within a range of 84.3–101.1 mg l−1. Turbidity was found between 10.3 and 27.3 NTU. The concentration of dissolved oxygen was recorded within a range of 7.06–11.6 mg l−1. Concentration of free CO2 was recorded within a range between 2.2 and 13.2 mg l−1. Concentration of chlorides was recorded within a range between 2.84 and 9.66 mg l−1, and hardness concentration was recorded within a range of 14–28 mg l−1. A total of 15 species from two major groups of phytoplanktons and periphytons were identified that were Cocconeis, Cymbella, Diatoma, Fragilaria, Gomphonema, Navicula, Nitzschia, Synedra, Tabellaira, Cosmarium, Ulothrix, Spirogyra, Zygnema, Chlamydomonas and Cladophora.

Suggested Citation

  • Rahul Kumar & Chandi Prasad & Stanzin Namtak & Vishav Kirti & Rifat Azam & Anushka Sharma, 2020. "Aquatic plant diversity and physicochemical characteristics of headwater stream Bal Ganga, Garhwal Himalaya," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 22(5), pages 4447-4465, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:endesu:v:22:y:2020:i:5:d:10.1007_s10668-019-00392-7
    DOI: 10.1007/s10668-019-00392-7
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Editors, 2014. "International Journal of Systems Science," International Journal of Systems Science, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 45(12), pages 1-1, December.
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