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Mycelium-Based Breakthroughs: Exploring Commercialization, Research, and Next-Gen Possibilities

Author

Listed:
  • Nungnit Wattanavichean

    (Mahidol University)

  • Jakkapon Phanthuwongpakdee

    (Mahidol University)

  • Preeyaporn Koedrith

    (Mahidol University)

  • Pitak Laoratanakul

    (National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA))

  • Boonchock Thaithatgoon

    (Arunyik Mushroom Center)

  • Sayanh Somrithipol

    (National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA))

  • Papichaya Kwantong

    (National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA))

  • Salilaporn Nuankaew

    (National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA))

  • Umpawa Pinruan

    (National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA))

  • Charuwan Chuaseeharonnachai

    (National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA))

  • Nattawut Boonyuen

    (National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA))

Abstract

Mycelium-based composites (MBCs) and pure-mycelium materials (PMMs) represent groundbreaking advancements in materials engineering, offering environmentally sustainable alternatives aligned with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). These innovative materials integrate mycelium, a natural biological adhesive, with lignocellulosic by-products, demonstrating a multidisciplinary approach that merges biology, engineering, and design to address critical environmental challenges. This comprehensive review explores recent advancements in MBC technology, encompassing commercial applications, ongoing research and development, scientific literature, mycological insights, patents, and intellectual property. Selected product samples illustrate the versatility and potential of MBCs. The pivotal role of mycelium in addressing current and future challenges in materials science is underscored. The review identifies eleven distinct application areas for MBCs and PMMs, including five commercialized sectors and six under active research and development. Furthermore, key directions for future studies are outlined, emphasizing the integration of MBCs and PMMs to enhance the sustainability of conventional materials and drive the evolution of next-generation materials.

Suggested Citation

  • Nungnit Wattanavichean & Jakkapon Phanthuwongpakdee & Preeyaporn Koedrith & Pitak Laoratanakul & Boonchock Thaithatgoon & Sayanh Somrithipol & Papichaya Kwantong & Salilaporn Nuankaew & Umpawa Pinruan, 2025. "Mycelium-Based Breakthroughs: Exploring Commercialization, Research, and Next-Gen Possibilities," Circular Economy and Sustainability, Springer, vol. 5(4), pages 3211-3253, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:circec:v:5:y:2025:i:4:d:10.1007_s43615-025-00539-x
    DOI: 10.1007/s43615-025-00539-x
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Shouq Al-Qahtani & Muammer Koç & Rima J. Isaifan, 2023. "Mycelium-Based Thermal Insulation for Domestic Cooling Footprint Reduction: A Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(17), pages 1-27, September.
    2. Lisa Stelzer & Friederike Hoberg & Vanessa Bach & Bertram Schmidt & Sven Pfeiffer & Vera Meyer & Matthias Finkbeiner, 2021. "Life Cycle Assessment of Fungal-Based Composite Bricks," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(21), pages 1-17, October.
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    1. Sina Motamedi & Daniel R. Rousse & Geoffrey Promis, 2025. "A Review of Mycelium Bio-Composites as Energy-Efficient Sustainable Building Materials," Energies, MDPI, vol. 18(16), pages 1-32, August.

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