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The Steady Advance of Wal-Mart across Europe and Changing Government Attitudes towards Planning and Competition

Author

Listed:
  • Alan Hallsworth

    (Department of Geography, Staffordshire University, College Road, Stoke-on-Trent ST4 2DA, England)

  • David Evers

    (Amsterdam study centre for the Metropolitan Environment (AME), University of Amsterdam, Nieuwe Prinsengracht 130, 1018 VZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands)

Abstract

Aggressive internationalisation activities by global retailers frequently encounter, in addition to responses from indigenous rivals, the regulatory mechanisms of the governments of host or target nations. However, these public regulatory mechanisms are themselves in a state of flux, often as a function of internal conflict between government policy sectors. Internationalisation itself is also an agent of change and we illustrate this using the example of retail regulatory systems in Britain and the Netherlands at the time of Wal-Mart's entry into the EU. In both countries, an ambivalent stance by the central government was evidenced by the publication of reports by planning authorities and investigations by competition authorities.

Suggested Citation

  • Alan Hallsworth & David Evers, 2002. "The Steady Advance of Wal-Mart across Europe and Changing Government Attitudes towards Planning and Competition," Environment and Planning C, , vol. 20(2), pages 297-309, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:sae:envirc:v:20:y:2002:i:2:p:297-309
    DOI: 10.1068/c20m
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. N Wrigley, 1992. "Antitrust Regulation and the Restructuring of Grocery Retailing in Britain and the USA," Environment and Planning A, , vol. 24(5), pages 727-749, May.
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    Cited by:

    1. Woohyoung Kim & Alan George Hallsworth, 2016. "Tesco in Korea: Regulation and Retail Change," Tijdschrift voor Economische en Sociale Geografie, Royal Dutch Geographical Society KNAG, vol. 107(3), pages 270-281, July.

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