The Issue Of Raising The Retirement Age From The Perspective Of Public Administration And The Labour Market

The management of economic and social activities in the state leads to the concept of public administration. Public administration has a rich structure, which basically represents the management of public affairs and societal problems. One of the current societal problems is generational change, which affects all events not only in economic but also in social life. The aging of the population brings many problems, mainly related to generational change in the labour market and the sustainability of economic processes due to the low number of generations entering the labour market. The shortage of labour and the growing number of pensioners puts a heavy strain on public finances, especially in the areas of social and health care. The aim of the study is, based on the analysis of demographic statistical data, to determine the distribution of the workforce aged 60-64 on the labor market in the context of answering the question of whether it is correct to consider raising the retirement age, which resonates in several EU countries. In order to achieve the stated objective, we analyzed data based on statistical databases of the Social Insurance Institution, the Statistical Office of the Slovak Republic and the OECD, UN. The assumption is that as the retirement age increases, the number of people on early retirement will increase. However, our findings showed that as retirement age increases, the number of people using disability pensions increases significantly, which may be related to attrition in the workforce due to the nature of manual jobs. Instead of raising the retirement age, it is therefore important to focus on improving working conditions, increasing labor productivity through smart industry investments and simplifying the employment of workers from third countries. In Slovakia, the retirement age is gradually increasing and in 2030 it should reach 64 years. On the basis of the forecast, the number of workers in this group will increase significantly and this growth will continue until the end of the 2040 reference period. For this reason, further changes in the retirement age are questionable and the important thing will be to keep the workforce in good mental and physical condition for as long as possible, which will require changes in the public sector, particularly in the areas of education, health care and social inclusion.