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PAC, États, régions : l'articulation des niveaux de politique agricole dans l'UE

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  • Daniel Perraud

Abstract

[eng] Within Ec, agricultural policy conveys several different messages, according to the variety of supporting tools and financing levels, in common as well in national budget. This does not mean that the Cap has gained the position of a «superpolicy», which would have been unifying and dominant. Loack of exhaustivity and of grass root contacts prevent such an evolution. Nor does it mean that any original casting has been achieved between common, national and regional agencies, as some préfiguration of a new agricultural compromise : if the CAP driven market liberalization is a tight constraint for states, it also reinforces their roles, as shown by the increasing number of issued regional support and direct aids, all of them fully adapted to national constitutional rules and budgets procedures. This institutional stock must therefore be interpreted as a conflicting juxtaposition which reflects the instability of relationships driven by compromises and crisis. [fre] L'analyse des niveaux de financement public et l'évolution de la place des divers outils de soutien dans les budgets européens et nationaux révèlent une pluralité d'émission de la politique agricole dans l'Union européenne. Cette complexité institutionnelle ne traduit pas la consolidation de la Pac comme une «sur politique» dominante et unificatrice : il lui manque l'exhaustivité et le rapport direct au terrain socio-politique. Elle ne manifeste pas non plus l'émergence d'une répartition originale des compétences entre I'UE, les Etats et les régions, annonciatrice d'un compromis agricole : si la libéralisation des marchés qu'organise la Pac est une contrainte forte pour les Etats, elle renforce aussi la spécificité de leurs interventions, comme en témoigne la montée depuis 1980 des mesures régionalisées et d'aides directes adaptées aux capacités budgétaires et aux règles constitutionnelles nationales. Il faut donc interpréter cet empilement institutionnel comme une juxtaposition contradictoire qui reflète les relations instables de concurrence et de compromis que le «travail de crise» en cours instaure entre les politiques agricoles nationales aux différents niveaux où elles s'ajustent et se recomposent.

Suggested Citation

  • Daniel Perraud, 1995. "PAC, États, régions : l'articulation des niveaux de politique agricole dans l'UE," Économie rurale, Programme National Persée, vol. 227(1), pages 2-10.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:recoru:ecoru_0013-0559_1995_num_227_1_4728
    DOI: 10.3406/ecoru.1995.4728
    Note: DOI:10.3406/ecoru.1995.4728
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    Cited by:

    1. Daniel Perraud, 2001. "Les politiques agricoles et rurales dans les régions: une nouvelle organisation des pouvoirs publics en Europe?," Économie rurale, Programme National Persée, vol. 261(1), pages 7-22.
    2. Mantino, Francesco, 2009. "Typologies of governance models," Reports 157975, National Institute of Agricultural Economics, Italy - INEA, Rural Development Policies.

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