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Endogénéisation des externalités de recherche : le rôle de la capacité d'émission des connaissances

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  • Julien Pénin

Abstract

[fre] Cette contribution s'intéresse à la capacité d'émission des connaissances des firmes, en écho à la « capacité d'absorption » introduite par Cohen et Levinthal (1989). Les externalités de recherche, considérées comme exogènes par la théorie classique, sont supposées ici contrôlables par les firmes. Or ces dernières, loin de vouloir toujours garder le secret sur leurs innovations, choisissent souvent de révéler largement certaines de leurs connaissances les plus importantes à travers des brevets, des publications scientifiques ou encore des conférences. Après avoir recensé plusieurs explications de telles pratiques de diffusion universelle de connaissances, il est suggéré que ces émissions, en permettant à l'émetteur de se signaler et donc de briser les asymétries d'information, sont un moyen d'intégrer des réseaux de production de connaissances dans le but de profiter des connaissances qui circulent à l'intérieur de ces réseaux. La diffusion universelle de connaissances est donc souvent une condition préalable à des échanges de connaissances restreints, à l'intérieur d'un réseau d'innovation. [eng] This paper focuses on firms knowledge emission capability in echo to the « absorptive capability » introduced by Cohen and Levinthal (1989). We first point out the main differences between the traditional view of knowledge spillovers and a more modern view, where spillovers are considered as endogenous. Within this second framework, firms have the ability to hold their new knowledge secret during very long spell of time. However, they often decide to disclose widely some parts of their knowledge through patents, scientific publications or conferences. Our aim is first to resume the different motivations of such apparently non-rational behaviour. Then, we focus on a particular explanation : universal knowledge disclosure as a strategy oriented to join innovation networks. Indeed, important technological knowledge usually flows within innovation networks and if outsiders want to have an access to this knowledge, they must enter the network. Thus, in order to do so, they can be induced to reveal widely some of their knowledge to send a signal of their competences to the insiders.

Suggested Citation

  • Julien Pénin, 2003. "Endogénéisation des externalités de recherche : le rôle de la capacité d'émission des connaissances," Revue d'Économie Industrielle, Programme National Persée, vol. 102(1), pages 7-28.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:recind:rei_0154-3229_2003_num_102_1_1830
    DOI: 10.3406/rei.2003.1830
    Note: DOI:10.3406/rei.2003.1830
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    Cited by:

    1. Penin, Julien, 2005. "Patents versus ex post rewards: A new look," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 34(5), pages 641-656, June.
    2. Julien PENIN, 2005. "Open knowledge disclosure, incomplete information and collective innovations," Working Papers of BETA 2005-10, Bureau d'Economie Théorique et Appliquée, UDS, Strasbourg.

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    JEL classification:

    • L0 - Industrial Organization - - General

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