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Spatial distribution, and predictors of late initiation of first antenatal care visit in Ethiopia: Spatial and multilevel analysis

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  • Gossa Fetene Abebe
  • Anteneh Messele Birhanu
  • Dereje Alemayehu
  • Desalegn Girma
  • Ashenafi Assefa Berchedi
  • Yilkal Negesse

Abstract

Background: Despite the proven benefit of early initiation of first antenatal care visits as a means to achieve good maternal and neonatal health outcomes through early detection and prevention of risks during pregnancy, shreds of evidence showed that most of the women in Ethiopia start their ANC visits lately. Objective: To determine the spatial distribution and predictors of late initiation of first antenatal care visits among reproductive-age women in Ethiopia. Method: The 2019 Ethiopian Mini Demographic and Health Survey (EMDHS) data were used. A total weighted sample of 2,935 reproductive-age women who gave birth in the five years preceding the survey and who had antenatal care visits for their last child was included. To check the nature of the distribution of late initiation of ANC visits, the global Moran’s I statistics were applied. Gettis-OrdGi statistics and spatial interpolation using the Ordinary Kriging method were done to identify the spatial locations and to predict unknown locations of late initiation of first ANC visits, respectively. For the predictors, a multilevel mixed-effect logistic regression model was applied. Finally, statistical significance was declared at a p-value

Suggested Citation

  • Gossa Fetene Abebe & Anteneh Messele Birhanu & Dereje Alemayehu & Desalegn Girma & Ashenafi Assefa Berchedi & Yilkal Negesse, 2023. "Spatial distribution, and predictors of late initiation of first antenatal care visit in Ethiopia: Spatial and multilevel analysis," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 18(7), pages 1-20, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0288869
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0288869
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    1. Adjiwanou, Vissého & LeGrand, Thomas, 2013. "Does antenatal care matter in the use of skilled birth attendance in rural Africa: A multi-country analysis," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 86(C), pages 26-34.
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