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Psychometric validation of Czech version of the Sport Motivation Scale

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  • Martin Komarc
  • Ivana Harbichová
  • Lawrence M Scheier

Abstract

The Sport Motivation Scale (SMS) is a widely used instrument that assesses motivational processes within sport and exercise environments. The scale has demonstrated validity and reliability in multiple cultures, however, there is yet no empirical evidence regarding its psychometric properties in the Czech population. In this study we therefore set out to examine the reliability and construct validity of the SMS in a sample of Czech university-aged athletes. We first examined the SMS factor structure using a nonparametric item response theory model (Mokken monotone homogeneity model) and identified six items violating the unidimensionality of the particular subscales. Remaining items were then subjected to test of hypothesized seven-factor structure and several different forms of measurement invariance examined based on gender, competition level and type of sport (individual vs team sports). The hypothesized seven-factor fit well and there was sufficient evidence supporting full invariance across the examined groups. All SMS subscales had adequate internal consistencies ranging from 0.66 to 0.89. Results of correlational analysis among the SMS subscales and between the SMS and two outcomes of interest further supported validity of the scale. Observed differences in SMS subscales between males and females, recreational and competitive athletes, as well as between individual and team-based sport activities, comported with prior empirical studies using a self-determination theory framework. In conclusion, results reinforce the utility and performance of the SMS in a sample of Czech university athletes. The SMS may therefore be recommended for measurement of the multidimensional motivational processes taking place in the exercise and sport domain.

Suggested Citation

  • Martin Komarc & Ivana Harbichová & Lawrence M Scheier, 2020. "Psychometric validation of Czech version of the Sport Motivation Scale," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 15(1), pages 1-20, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0227277
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0227277
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. van der Ark, L. Andries, 2007. "Mokken Scale Analysis in R," Journal of Statistical Software, Foundation for Open Access Statistics, vol. 20(i11).
    2. Manal Bayyat & Arabi Almoghrabi & Khitam Ay, 2016. "Preliminary Validation of an Arabic Version of the Sport Motivation Scale (SMS-28)," Asian Social Science, Canadian Center of Science and Education, vol. 12(7), pages 186-186, July.
    3. van Schuur, Wijbrandt H., 2003. "Mokken Scale Analysis: Between the Guttman Scale and Parametric Item Response Theory," Political Analysis, Cambridge University Press, vol. 11(2), pages 139-163, April.
    4. ,, 2000. "Problems And Solutions," Econometric Theory, Cambridge University Press, vol. 16(2), pages 287-299, April.
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    1. Ngien-Siong Chin & Guo Chen Liew & Yee Cheng Kueh & Hairul Anuar Hashim & Vincent Tee & Garry Kuan, 2021. "Cross-Cultural Adaptation and Validation of the Malay Version of Sports Motivation Scale-II," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(21), pages 1-10, November.

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