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Effects of Increased Nitrogen Availability on C and N Cycles in Tropical Forests: A Meta-Analysis

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  • Marylin Bejarano-Castillo
  • Julio Campo
  • Lilia L Roa-Fuentes

Abstract

Atmospheric N deposition is predicted to increase four times over its current status in tropical forests by 2030. Our ability to understand the effects of N enrichment on C and N cycles is being challenged by the large heterogeneity of the tropical forest biome. The specific response will depend on the forest’s nutrient status; however, few studies of N addition appear to incorporate the nutrient status in tropical forests, possibly due to difficulties in explaining how this status is maintained. We used a meta-analysis to explore the consequences of the N enrichment on C and N cycles in tropical montane and lowland forests. We tracked changes in aboveground and belowground plant C and N and in mineral soil in response to N addition. We found an increasing trend of plant biomass in montane forests, but not in lowland forests, as well as a greater increase in NO emission in montane forest compared with lowland forest. The N2O and NO emission increase in both forest; however, the N2O increase in lowland forest was significantly even at first time N addition. The NO emission increase showed be greater at first term compared with long term N addition. Moreover, the increase in total soil N, ammonium, microbial N, and dissolved N concentration under N enrichment indicates a rich N status of lowland forests. The available evidence of N addition experiments shows that the lowland forest is richer in N than montane forests. Finally, the greater increase in N leaching and N gas emission highlights the importance of study the N deposition effect on the global climate change.

Suggested Citation

  • Marylin Bejarano-Castillo & Julio Campo & Lilia L Roa-Fuentes, 2015. "Effects of Increased Nitrogen Availability on C and N Cycles in Tropical Forests: A Meta-Analysis," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 10(12), pages 1-12, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0144253
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0144253
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Nicolas Gruber & James N. Galloway, 2008. "An Earth-system perspective of the global nitrogen cycle," Nature, Nature, vol. 451(7176), pages 293-296, January.
    2. W. Knorr & I. C. Prentice & J. I. House & E. A. Holland, 2005. "Long-term sensitivity of soil carbon turnover to warming," Nature, Nature, vol. 433(7023), pages 298-301, January.
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