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Standardised Mindfulness-Based Interventions in Healthcare: An Overview of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses of RCTs

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  • Rinske A Gotink
  • Paula Chu
  • Jan J V Busschbach
  • Herbert Benson
  • Gregory L Fricchione
  • M G Myriam Hunink

Abstract

Background: Mindfulness-based therapies are being used in a wide range of common chronic conditions in both treatment and prevention despite lack of consensus about their effectiveness in different patient categories. Objective: To systematically review the evidence of effectiveness MBSR and MBCT in different patient categories. Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis of systematic reviews of RCTs, using the standardized MBSR or MBCT programs. We used PRISMA guidelines to assess the quality of the included reviews and performed a random effects meta-analysis with main outcome measure Cohen’s d. All types of participants were considered. Results: The search produced 187 reviews: 23 were included, covering 115 unique RCTs and 8,683 unique individuals with various conditions. Compared to wait list control and compared to treatment as usual, MBSR and MBCT significantly improved depressive symptoms (d=0.37; 95%CI 0.28 to 0.45, based on 5 reviews, N=2814), anxiety (d=0.49; 95%CI 0.37 to 0.61, based on 4 reviews, N=2525), stress (d=0.51; 95%CI 0.36 to 0.67, based on 2 reviews, N=1570), quality of life (d=0.39; 95%CI 0.08 to 0.70, based on 2 reviews, N=511) and physical functioning (d=0.27; 95%CI 0.12 to 0.42, based on 3 reviews, N=1015). Limitations include heterogeneity within patient categories, risk of publication bias and limited long-term follow-up in several studies. Conclusion: The evidence supports the use of MBSR and MBCT to alleviate symptoms, both mental and physical, in the adjunct treatment of cancer, cardiovascular disease, chronic pain, depression, anxiety disorders and in prevention in healthy adults and children.

Suggested Citation

  • Rinske A Gotink & Paula Chu & Jan J V Busschbach & Herbert Benson & Gregory L Fricchione & M G Myriam Hunink, 2015. "Standardised Mindfulness-Based Interventions in Healthcare: An Overview of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses of RCTs," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 10(4), pages 1-17, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0124344
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0124344
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    Cited by:

    1. Elizabeth McCay & Rachael Frankford & Heather Beanlands & Souraya Sidani & Enza Gucciardi & Rebecca Blidner & Audrey Danaher & Celina Carter & Andria Aiello, 2016. "Evaluation of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy to Reduce Psychological Distress and to Promote Well-Being," SAGE Open, , vol. 6(3), pages 21582440166, September.
    2. Charness, Gary & Le Bihan, Yves & Villeval, Marie Claire, 2024. "Mindfulness training, cognitive performance and stress reduction," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 217(C), pages 207-226.
    3. Jesus Montero-Marin & Willem Kuyken & Virginia Gasión & Alberto Barceló-Soler & Lynda Rojas & Ana Manrique & Rosa Esteban & Javier García Campayo, 2020. "Feasibility and Effectiveness of a Workplace-Adapted Mindfulness-Based Programme to Reduce Stress in Workers at a Private Sector Logistics Company: An Exploratory Mixed Methods Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(5), pages 1-24, March.
    4. Giorgia Petrucci & Giuseppe Francesco Papalia & Fabrizio Russo & Gianluca Vadalà & Michela Piredda & Maria Grazia De Marinis & Rocco Papalia & Vincenzo Denaro, 2021. "Psychological Approaches for the Integrative Care of Chronic Low Back Pain: A Systematic Review and Metanalysis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(1), pages 1-19, December.
    5. Tomonari Irie & Kengo Yokomitsu & Yuji Sakano, 2019. "Relationship between cognitive behavioral variables and mental health status among university students: A meta-analysis," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 14(9), pages 1-30, September.
    6. Siobhán Lynch & Marie-Louise Gander & Ananda Nahar & Niko Kohls & Harald Walach, 2018. "Mindfulness-Based Coping With University Life: A Randomized Wait-List Controlled Study," SAGE Open, , vol. 8(1), pages 21582440187, February.

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