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Cost-Effectiveness of Early Infant HIV Diagnosis of HIV-Exposed Infants and Immediate Antiretroviral Therapy in HIV-Infected Children under 24 Months in Thailand

Author

Listed:
  • Intira Jeannie Collins
  • John Cairns
  • Nicole Ngo-Giang-Huong
  • Wasna Sirirungsi
  • Pranee Leechanachai
  • Sophie Le Coeur
  • Tanawan Samleerat
  • Nareerat Kamonpakorn
  • Jutarat Mekmullica
  • Gonzague Jourdain
  • Marc Lallemant
  • for the Programme for HIV Prevention and Treatment (PHPT) Study Team

Abstract

Background: HIV-infected infants have high risk of death in the first two years of life if untreated. WHO guidelines recommend early infant HIV diagnosis (EID) of all HIV-exposed infants and immediate antiretroviral therapy (ART) in HIV-infected children under 24-months. We assessed the cost-effectiveness of this strategy in HIV-exposed non-breastfed children in Thailand. Methods: A decision analytic model of HIV diagnosis and disease progression compared: EID using DNA PCR with immediate ART (Early-Early); or EID with deferred ART based on immune/clinical criteria (Early-Late); vs. clinical/serology based diagnosis and deferred ART (Reference). The model was populated with survival and cost data from a Thai observational cohort and the literature. Incremental cost-effectiveness ratio per life-year gained (LYG) was compared against the Reference strategy. Costs and outcomes were discounted at 3%. Results: Mean discounted life expectancy of HIV-infected children increased from 13.3 years in the Reference strategy to 14.3 in the Early-Late and 17.8 years in Early-Early strategies. The mean discounted lifetime cost was $17,335, $22,583 and $29,108, respectively. The cost-effectiveness ratio of Early-Late and Early-Early strategies was $5,149 and $2,615 per LYG, respectively as compared to the Reference strategy. The Early-Early strategy was most cost-effective at approximately half the domestic product per capita per LYG ($4,420 in Thailand 2011). The results were robust in deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analyses including varying perinatal transmission rates. Conclusion: In Thailand, EID and immediate ART would lead to major survival benefits and is cost- effective. These findings strongly support the adoption of WHO recommendations as routine care.

Suggested Citation

  • Intira Jeannie Collins & John Cairns & Nicole Ngo-Giang-Huong & Wasna Sirirungsi & Pranee Leechanachai & Sophie Le Coeur & Tanawan Samleerat & Nareerat Kamonpakorn & Jutarat Mekmullica & Gonzague Jour, 2014. "Cost-Effectiveness of Early Infant HIV Diagnosis of HIV-Exposed Infants and Immediate Antiretroviral Therapy in HIV-Infected Children under 24 Months in Thailand," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 9(3), pages 1-10, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0091004
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0091004
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. World Bank, 2012. "World Development Indicators 2012," World Bank Publications - Books, The World Bank Group, number 6014, December.
    2. Briggs, Andrew & Sculpher, Mark & Claxton, Karl, 2006. "Decision Modelling for Health Economic Evaluation," OUP Catalogue, Oxford University Press, number 9780198526629.
    3. World Bank, 2011. "World Development Indicators 2011," World Bank Publications - Books, The World Bank Group, number 2315, December.
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