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Abstract
El presente artículo trata de conocer el perfil de las empresas más valoradas para el desempeño laboral en España y determinar la posible influencia que tienen en la valoración total. Para ello, se parte del ranking de las 100 empresas con mayor valoración publicado anualmente por la Revista de Actualidad Económica en el período 2013-2016. En un primer paso, se realiza un análisis descriptivo de los promedios de valoración de las empresas agrupándolas por su nacionalidad, la región en la que tienen su sede, el sector económico, el tamaño y su cotización en el mercado bursátil. En un segundo paso, mediante modelos de regresión múltiple, se tratará de establecer si estas características influyen en la valoración total. A pesar de los estudios realizados por diversos autores, no existe ninguno que analice diversas variables objetivas de las empresas para conocer sus perfiles y su posible influencia en el valor total. Los principales hallazgos serían que la mayoría de las empresas más atractivas para trabajar tienen carácter internacional (17 países); predominan los sectores financieros y actividades profesionales, científicas; ubicadas principalmente en la capital del país (76,8%); de gran tamaño y que cotizan en bolsa. Se concluye que sólo el tamaño y la cotización en bolsa, influyen en la valoración total de las empresas. Destacamos como principales contribuciones, la novedad de este tipo de estudios a través de métodos cuantitativos y un mayor conocimiento sobre el perfil de las empresas más atractivas para trabajar en España.|| The present article intends to study the profile of the most valued companies regarding their labour performance in Spain. It also tries to determine the influence that this profile’s characteristics have on the overall rating. For that purpose, we analyse the 100 companies, taken from the ranking published by the Journal of Actualidad Económica (RAE in Spanish), with the highest value every year between 2013 and 2016. As first step, a descriptive analysis of the averaged valuations of the companies is made, grouping them by their nationality, the regions where the companies have their headquarters, their economic sector, their size and their market/share price. Secondly, using multiple regression models, the influence of these characteristics (as independent variables) on the total value (as a dependent variable) will be analyzed and quantified. Despite the studies carried out by some authors, none of them has analyzed objective variables of the companies to know their profiles and their possible influence on the total value. The main findings show that the majority of the most attractive companies have an international character (17 countries); also, that the predominant sectors are the financial ones and those that develop professional and scientific activities, located in the capital of the country (76.8%) with a big size and listed on the market. It concludes that only the size and the market/share price could influence the total valuation of the companies. We highlight as main contributions the newness of this type of study using quantitative methods and a higher knowledge of the profile of the most attractive companies to work for in Spain.
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