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Abstract
This article considers the use of fuzzy logic to support the evaluation of project status. A brief description of fuzzy set theory, fuzzy logic and the process of calculation is given. The major goal of this paper is to present an expert decision-making fuzzy model for evaluating project status. The model results from the application of the Fuzzy Logic Toolbox. This fuzzy model is based on two basic indices, schedule performance index (SPI) and cost performance index (CPI), of earned value management (EVM). The ad- vantage of the fuzzy model is the ability to transform the input indices SPI and CPI into linguistic variables, as well as linguistic evaluation of over- all project status (output). With this approach it is possible to simulate the risk and uncertainty that are always associated with real projects. The scheme of the model, rule block, attributes and their membership functions are mentioned in a case study. The case study contains real data on the development of values of indices SPI and CPI for one project in the field of IT (data file). The analysed project ran from March 2012 to July 2012. The indices SPI and CPI were obtained from control project milestones. There are 5 control milestones in total. The parameters of the model are adjusted on the basis of the data file for each of the variables. The use of fuzzy logic is a particular advantage in decision-making processes where description by algorithms is extremely difficult and criteria are multiplied. || El artículo trata sobre el uso de la lógica difusa como soporte para la evaluación del estado de un proyecto. Se describe brevemente la teoría de conjuntos difusos, la lógica difusa y el proceso de cálculo. El objetivo principal de este trabajo es presentar un modelo difuso para la toma de decisiones por parte de expertos para la evaluación del estado de un proyecto. El modelo es resultado de aplicar la librería de lógica difusa de MATLAB. Este modelo difuso se basa en dos índices básicos, el índice de desempeño de programación (IDP) y el índice de desempeño de costos (IDC), de la gestión del valor ganado (GVG). La ventaja del modelo difuso reside en su capacidad de traducir los índices de entrada IDP e IDC en variables lingüísticas, así como en proporcionar una evaluación lingüística del estado general del proyecto (output). Con este enfoque es posible simular el riesgo y la incertidumbre que siempre está asociado con los proyectos reales. El esquema del modelo, su bloque de reglas, sus atributos y sus funciones de pertenencia, son mencionados en un estudio de caso, el cual contiene datos reales sobre el desarrollo de los valores de los índices IDP e IDC para un proyecto en el ámbito de las TI (archivo de datos). El proyecto analizado duró desde marzo de 2012 hasta julio de 2012. Los índices IDP e IDC se obtuvieron de los hitos del proyecto de control. En total, hay 5 hitos de control. Los parámetros del modelo se ajustan basándose en el archivo de datos para cada una de las variables. El uso de la lógica difusa es una ventaja, especialmente en los procesos de toma de decisiones ya que, en éstos, resulta muy difícil una descripción mediante algoritmos y se multiplican los criterios.
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JEL classification:
- C44 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric and Statistical Methods: Special Topics - - - Operations Research; Statistical Decision Theory
- M19 - Business Administration and Business Economics; Marketing; Accounting; Personnel Economics - - Business Administration - - - Other
- M21 - Business Administration and Business Economics; Marketing; Accounting; Personnel Economics - - Business Economics - - - Business Economics
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