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Restoring mucosal barrier homeostasis by in situ formation of a living-synthetic therapeutic coating

Author

Listed:
  • Wei Yu

    (Shihezi University)

  • Huilong Luo

    (Shanghai Jiao Tong University)

  • Bo Han

    (Shihezi University)

  • Sisi Lin

    (Shanghai Jiao Tong University)

  • Qian Li

    (Xinjiang Military Command General Hospital)

  • Rui Xue

    (Shihezi University)

  • Hui Tang

    (Shihezi University)

  • Xin Jia

    (Shihezi University)

  • Lu Wang

    (Shanghai Jiao Tong University)

  • Jinyao Liu

    (Shanghai Jiao Tong University)

Abstract

The mucosal barrier consisting of physicochemical, immune, and microbial components is the first line of defense against external stimuli. Breakdown of the mucosal barrier causes the occurrences of various diseases, while methods capable of multifacetedly restoring mucosal barrier functions have been rarely reported. Here, we describe the restoration of the physicochemical, immune, and microbial homeostasis of the mucosal barrier by in situ formation of a living-synthetic therapeutic coating (LSTC). Through metal-phenolic complexation and π-π stacking interactions, ethyl gallate can chelate BiIII ions to form an adhesive coating on mucosal surfaces, which enables further hybridization with living bacteria. Due to the beneficial effects of BiIII and ethyl gallate and the probiotic characteristic of carried bacteria, LSTC increases the barrier integrity, mitigates mucosal inflammation, and maintains normal homoeostasis of the microbiota. In two murine models of aerobic vaginitis and vaginal candidiasis, LSTC demonstrates the potency to alleviate vaginal pathological injury and decrease vaginal inflammatory infiltration.

Suggested Citation

  • Wei Yu & Huilong Luo & Bo Han & Sisi Lin & Qian Li & Rui Xue & Hui Tang & Xin Jia & Lu Wang & Jinyao Liu, 2025. "Restoring mucosal barrier homeostasis by in situ formation of a living-synthetic therapeutic coating," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 16(1), pages 1-17, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:16:y:2025:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-025-63110-0
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-63110-0
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Kenya Honda & Dan R. Littman, 2016. "The microbiota in adaptive immune homeostasis and disease," Nature, Nature, vol. 535(7610), pages 75-84, July.
    2. Christoph A. Thaiss & Niv Zmora & Maayan Levy & Eran Elinav, 2016. "The microbiome and innate immunity," Nature, Nature, vol. 535(7610), pages 65-74, July.
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