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Dispersion patterns of SARS-CoV-2 variants Gamma, Lambda and Mu in Latin America and the Caribbean

Author

Listed:
  • Tiago Gräf

    (Fundação Oswaldo Cruz)

  • Alexander A. Martinez

    (Gorgas Memorial Institute for Health Studies
    Technology and Innovation (SENACYT)
    University of Panama)

  • Gonzalo Bello

    (Laboratório de Arbovírus e Vírus Hemorrágicos, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ)

  • Simon Dellicour

    (Université Libre de Bruxelles
    University of Leuven)

  • Philippe Lemey

    (University of Leuven)

  • Vittoria Colizza

    (Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d’Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique (IPLESP))

  • Mattia Mazzoli

    (Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d’Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique (IPLESP))

  • Chiara Poletto

    (University of Padova)

  • Vanessa Leiko Oikawa Cardoso

    (Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, FIOCRUZ-Bahia)

  • Alexandre Freitas Silva

    (Fundação Oswaldo Cruz)

  • Fernando Couto Motta

    (Fundação Oswaldo Cruz)

  • Paola Cristina Resende

    (Fundação Oswaldo Cruz)

  • Marilda M. Siqueira

    (Fundação Oswaldo Cruz)

  • Leticia Franco

    (Pan American Health Organization)

  • Lionel Gresh

    (Pan American Health Organization)

  • Jean-Marc Gabastou

    (Pan American Health Organization)

  • Angel Rodriguez

    (Pan American Health Organization)

  • Andrea Vicari

    (Pan American Health Organization)

  • Sylvain Aldighieri

    (Pan American Health Organization)

  • Jairo Mendez-Rico

    (Pan American Health Organization)

  • Juliana Almeida Leite

    (Pan American Health Organization)

Abstract

Latin America and Caribbean (LAC) regions were an important epicenter of the COVID-19 pandemic and SARS-CoV-2 evolution. Through the COVID-19 Genomic Surveillance Regional Network (COVIGEN), LAC countries produced an important number of genomic sequencing data that made possible an enhanced SARS-CoV-2 genomic surveillance capacity in the Americas, paving the way for characterization of emerging variants and helping to guide the public health response. In this study we analyzed approximately 300,000 SARS-CoV-2 sequences generated between February 2020 and March 2022 by multiple genomic surveillance efforts in LAC and reconstructed the diffusion patterns of the main variants of concern (VOCs) and of interest (VOIs) possibly originated in the Region. Our phylogenetic analysis revealed that the spread of variants Gamma, Lambda and Mu reflects human mobility patterns due to variations of international air passenger transportation and gradual lifting of social distance measures previously implemented in countries. Our results highlight the potential of genetic data to reconstruct viral spread and unveil preferential routes of viral migrations that are shaped by human mobility patterns.

Suggested Citation

  • Tiago Gräf & Alexander A. Martinez & Gonzalo Bello & Simon Dellicour & Philippe Lemey & Vittoria Colizza & Mattia Mazzoli & Chiara Poletto & Vanessa Leiko Oikawa Cardoso & Alexandre Freitas Silva & Fe, 2024. "Dispersion patterns of SARS-CoV-2 variants Gamma, Lambda and Mu in Latin America and the Caribbean," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-11, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:15:y:2024:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-024-46143-9
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46143-9
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