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Comparative genomics reveals a unique nitrogen-carbon balance system in Asteraceae

Author

Listed:
  • Fei Shen

    (Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences)

  • Yajuan Qin

    (Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences)

  • Rui Wang

    (China Agricultural University)

  • Xin Huang

    (Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences)

  • Ying Wang

    (Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences
    Peking University)

  • Tiangang Gao

    (the Chinese Academy of Sciences)

  • Junna He

    (China Agricultural University)

  • Yue Zhou

    (Peking University)

  • Yuannian Jiao

    (the Chinese Academy of Sciences)

  • Jianhua Wei

    (Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences)

  • Lei Li

    (Peking University)

  • Xiaozeng Yang

    (Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences)

Abstract

The Asteraceae (daisy family) is one of the largest families of plants. The genetic basis for its high biodiversity and excellent adaptability has not been elucidated. Here, we compare the genomes of 29 terrestrial plant species, including two de novo chromosome-scale genome assemblies for stem lettuce, a member of Asteraceae, and Scaevola taccada, a member of Goodeniaceae that is one of the closest outgroups of Asteraceae. We show that Asteraceae originated ~80 million years ago and experienced repeated paleopolyploidization. PII, the universal regulator of nitrogen-carbon (N-C) assimilation present in almost all domains of life, has conspicuously lost across Asteraceae. Meanwhile, Asteraceae has stepwise upgraded the N-C balance system via paleopolyploidization and tandem duplications of key metabolic genes, resulting in enhanced nitrogen uptake and fatty acid biosynthesis. In addition to suggesting a molecular basis for their ecological success, the unique N-C balance system reported for Asteraceae offers a potential crop improvement strategy.

Suggested Citation

  • Fei Shen & Yajuan Qin & Rui Wang & Xin Huang & Ying Wang & Tiangang Gao & Junna He & Yue Zhou & Yuannian Jiao & Jianhua Wei & Lei Li & Xiaozeng Yang, 2023. "Comparative genomics reveals a unique nitrogen-carbon balance system in Asteraceae," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-14, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:14:y:2023:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-023-40002-9
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40002-9
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