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High failure rate of ChAdOx1-nCoV19 immunization against asymptomatic infection in healthcare workers during a Delta variant surge

Author

Listed:
  • Rajat Ujjainiya

    (CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology
    Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR))

  • Akansha Tyagi

    (Max Super Speciality Hospital, Saket, New Delhi (A Unit of Devki Devi Foundation))

  • Viren Sardana

    (CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology
    Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR))

  • Salwa Naushin

    (CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology
    Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR))

  • Nitin Bhatheja

    (CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology)

  • Kartik Kumar

    (CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology)

  • Joydeb Barman

    (CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology)

  • Satyartha Prakash

    (CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology)

  • Rintu Kutum

    (CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology
    Centre of Excellence in Healthcare, IIIT-Delhi)

  • Akash Kumar Bhaskar

    (CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology
    Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR))

  • Prateek Singh

    (CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology
    Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR))

  • Kumardeep Chaudhary

    (CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology
    Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR))

  • Menka Loomba

    (Max Super Speciality Hospital, Saket, New Delhi (A Unit of Devki Devi Foundation))

  • Yukti Khanna

    (Max Super Speciality Hospital, Saket, New Delhi (A Unit of Devki Devi Foundation))

  • Chestha Walecha

    (Max Super Speciality Hospital, Saket, New Delhi (A Unit of Devki Devi Foundation))

  • Rizwan Ahmed

    (Max Super Speciality Hospital, Saket, New Delhi (A Unit of Devki Devi Foundation))

  • Ashutosh Yadav

    (Max Super Speciality Hospital, Saket, New Delhi (A Unit of Devki Devi Foundation))

  • Archana Bajaj

    (Max Hospital Shalimar Bagh)

  • Gaurav Malik

    (Max Hospital Shalimar Bagh)

  • Sahar Qureshi

    (Max Smart Super Speciality Hospital)

  • Swati Waghdhare

    (Max Super Speciality Hospital, Saket, New Delhi (A Unit of Devki Devi Foundation))

  • Samreen Siddiqui

    (Max Super Speciality Hospital, Saket, New Delhi (A Unit of Devki Devi Foundation))

  • Kamal Krishan Trehan

    (Max Hospital Shalimar Bagh)

  • Manju Mani

    (Max Smart Super Speciality Hospital)

  • Rajiv Dang

    (Max Hospital)

  • Poonam Das

    (Max Super Speciality Hospital, Saket, New Delhi (A Unit of Devki Devi Foundation))

  • Pankaj Dougall

    (Saket, New Delhi (A Unit of Devki Devi Foundation))

  • Monica Mahajan

    (Max Hospital Panchsheel)

  • Sudipta Sonar

    (Translational Health Science and Technology Institute)

  • Kamini Jakhar

    (Translational Health Science and Technology Institute)

  • Reema Kumar

    (Translational Health Science and Technology Institute)

  • Mahima Tiwari

    (Translational Health Science and Technology Institute)

  • Shailendra Mani

    (Translational Health Science and Technology Institute)

  • Sankar Bhattacharyya

    (Translational Health Science and Technology Institute)

  • Sandeep Budhiraja

    (Max Super Speciality Hospital, Saket)

  • Anurag Agrawal

    (CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology
    Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR))

  • Debasis Dash

    (CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology
    Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR))

  • Sujeet Jha

    (Max Super Speciality Hospital, Saket, New Delhi (A Unit of Devki Devi Foundation))

  • Shantanu Sengupta

    (CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology
    Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR))

Abstract

Immunization is expected to confer protection against infection and severe disease for vaccines while reducing risks to unimmunized populations by inhibiting transmission. Here, based on serial serological studies of an observational cohort of healthcare workers, we show that during a Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome -Coronavirus 2 Delta-variant outbreak in Delhi, 25.3% (95% Confidence Interval 16.9-35.2) of previously uninfected, ChAdOx1-nCoV19 double vaccinated, healthcare workers were infected within less than two months, based on serology. Induction of anti-spike response was similar between groups with breakthrough infection (541 U/ml, Inter Quartile Range 374) and without (342 U/ml, Inter Quartile Range 497), as was the induction of neutralization activity to wildtype. This was not vaccine failure since vaccine effectiveness estimate based on infection rates in an unvaccinated cohort were about 70% and most infections were asymptomatic. We find that while ChAdOx1-nCoV19 vaccination remains effective in preventing severe infections, it is unlikely to be completely able to block transmission and provide herd immunity.

Suggested Citation

  • Rajat Ujjainiya & Akansha Tyagi & Viren Sardana & Salwa Naushin & Nitin Bhatheja & Kartik Kumar & Joydeb Barman & Satyartha Prakash & Rintu Kutum & Akash Kumar Bhaskar & Prateek Singh & Kumardeep Chau, 2022. "High failure rate of ChAdOx1-nCoV19 immunization against asymptomatic infection in healthcare workers during a Delta variant surge," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-6, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:13:y:2022:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-022-29404-3
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-29404-3
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Petra Mlcochova & Steven A. Kemp & Mahesh Shanker Dhar & Guido Papa & Bo Meng & Isabella A. T. M. Ferreira & Rawlings Datir & Dami A. Collier & Anna Albecka & Sujeet Singh & Rajesh Pandey & Jonathan B, 2021. "SARS-CoV-2 B.1.617.2 Delta variant replication and immune evasion," Nature, Nature, vol. 599(7883), pages 114-119, November.
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