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Computer science skills across China, India, Russia, and the United States

Author

Listed:
  • Prashant Loyalka

    (Graduate School of Education, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305; Rural Education Action Program, Freeman Spogli Institute for International Studies, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305)

  • Ou Lydia Liu

    (Educational Testing Service, Princeton, NJ 08541)

  • Guirong Li

    (International Center for Action Research on Education, School of Education Henan University, 475001 Henan, China)

  • Igor Chirikov

    (Institute of Education, National Research University Higher School of Economics, 101000 Moscow, Russia; Center for Studies in Higher Education, Goldman School of Policy, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720)

  • Elena Kardanova

    (Institute of Education, National Research University Higher School of Economics, 101000 Moscow, Russia)

  • Lin Gu

    (Educational Testing Service, Princeton, NJ 08541)

  • Guangming Ling

    (Educational Testing Service, Princeton, NJ 08541)

  • Ningning Yu

    (Institute of Higher Education Research, University of Jinan, 250022 Jinan, Shandong, China)

  • Fei Guo

    (Institute of Education, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China)

  • Liping Ma

    (Graduate School of Education, Peking University, 100871 Beijing, China)

  • Shangfeng Hu

    (Sichuan Normal University, 610072 Sichuan, China)

  • Angela Sun Johnson

    (Graduate School of Education, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305)

  • Ashutosh Bhuradia

    (Rural Education Action Program, Freeman Spogli Institute for International Studies, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305)

  • Saurabh Khanna

    (Rural Education Action Program, Freeman Spogli Institute for International Studies, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305)

  • Isak Froumin

    (Institute of Education, National Research University Higher School of Economics, 101000 Moscow, Russia)

  • Jinghuan Shi

    (Institute of Education, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China)

  • Pradeep Kumar Choudhury

    (Zakir Husain Centre for Educational Studies, School of Social Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, 110067 Delhi, India)

  • Tara Beteille

    (World Bank, Washington, DC 20433)

  • Francisco Marmolejo

    (World Bank, Washington, DC 20433)

  • Namrata Tognatta

    (World Bank, Washington, DC 20433)

Abstract

We assess and compare computer science skills among final-year computer science undergraduates (seniors) in four major economic and political powers that produce approximately half of the science, technology, engineering, and mathematics graduates in the world. We find that seniors in the United States substantially outperform seniors in China, India, and Russia by 0.76–0.88 SDs and score comparably with seniors in elite institutions in these countries. Seniors in elite institutions in the United States further outperform seniors in elite institutions in China, India, and Russia by ∼0.85 SDs. The skills advantage of the United States is not because it has a large proportion of high-scoring international students. Finally, males score consistently but only moderately higher (0.16–0.41 SDs) than females within all four countries.

Suggested Citation

  • Prashant Loyalka & Ou Lydia Liu & Guirong Li & Igor Chirikov & Elena Kardanova & Lin Gu & Guangming Ling & Ningning Yu & Fei Guo & Liping Ma & Shangfeng Hu & Angela Sun Johnson & Ashutosh Bhuradia & S, 2019. "Computer science skills across China, India, Russia, and the United States," Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol. 116(14), pages 6732-6736, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:nas:journl:v:116:y:2019:p:6732-6736
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Demirgüç-Kunt, Asli & Torre, Iván, 2022. "Measuring human capital in middle income countries," Journal of Comparative Economics, Elsevier, vol. 50(4), pages 1036-1067.
    2. Evgeniia Shmeleva & Isak Froumin, 2020. "Factors of Attrition among Computer Science and Engineering Undergraduates in Russia," Voprosy obrazovaniya / Educational Studies Moscow, National Research University Higher School of Economics, issue 3, pages 110-136.
    3. Шмелева Е. Д. & Фрумин И. Д., 2020. "Факторы Отсева Студентов Инженерно-Технического Профиля В Российских Вузах," Вопросы образования // Educational Studies Moscow, National Research University Higher School of Economics, issue 3, pages 110-136.

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