A Comprehensive Review of the Components for Process Approach to Overcome Writing Impairments among Low Proficiency Learners in Malaysia

Researchers and educators have both expressed interest in the English as a Second Language (ESL) ability of Malaysian students. Due to the Malaysia's multilingualism and the significance of English in international communication, learning outcomes must be improved through the use of efficient pedagogical approaches. Accordingly, this systematic literature review (SLR) examines process approach in writing and its application specifically focusing on how it affects low-proficiency and ESL learners in Malaysia when it comes to communication achievement. By using a qualitative research approach this study has examined published literature from 2019 to 2023 across three databases- Scopus, Web of Sciences, and Google Scholar. 16 publications were extracted out of 763 related articles based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The findings revealed that the Process Approach has the potential to improve ESL students' writing abilities, but putting it into practice calls for a careful grasp of the regional context, particularly in Malaysia. The advantages of this strategy can be maximized by addressing issues like time restrictions and pedagogical considerations, as well as by using complementing components like planning, brainstorming, and mind-mapping. Future research is suggested to fill the gap in this study by investigating other relevant approaches to writing effectively and efficiently for students.