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Kırılgan Beşli Ülkelerinde Gelir Dağılımının Dinamikleri: Ampirik Bir Uygulama

Author

Listed:
  • Oğuz Öztunç

    (Kırıkkale Üniversitesi)

  • Seda Bayrakdar

    (Ankara Hacı Bayram Veli Üniversitesi)

Abstract

İktisat teorisinin önemli konularından birisi gelir dağılımı eşitsizliği tartışmalarıdır. İster gelişmiş ister gelişmekte olsun neredeyse her ülkelerde gelir dağılımı eşitsizliklerinin iyileştirilmesinde devletin ve sosyal kurumların rolü yadsınamaz. Bu nedenle gelir dağılımını etkileyen dinamiklerin tespit edilmesi, ülkelerde uygulanacak iktisat politikalarının doğru belirlenebilmesi açısından önem kazanmaktadır. Çalışmada son dönemde sıklıkla incelenen Kırılgan Beşli (Brezilya, Hindistan, Endonezya, Guney Afrika ve Turkiye) adı verilen ülkelerde gelir dağılımının dinamikleri panel veri analizi ile 1994-2017 yıllarını kapsayan dönem için CCE tahmincisi kullanılarak tespit edilmeye çalışılacaktır. Modelde bağımlı değişken olarak gelir dağılımını temsil etmesi açısından GINI Katsayısı kullanılmıştır. Analiz sonucunda spesifik bir politika önerisi yapılabilmesi için bağımsız değişkenler ise para politikası değişkenleri (politika faizi, para arzı) ve maliye politikası değişkenleri (kamu harcamaları, vergi gelirleri) olarak ikiye ayrılmıştır. Ek olarak literatür uyarınca kişi başına düşen milli gelir büyümesi, enflasyon oranı, ticari açıklık, finansal açıklık, finansal gelişmişlik ve beşeri sermaye verileri kontrol değişkenler olarak modele dahil edilmiştir. Kırılgan Beşli Ülkelerinde para ve maliye politikaları uyarınca böyle bir analize rastlanmaması nedeniyle bu çalışmanın literatüre katkı yapacağı düşünülmektedir. Ampirik sonuçlar neticesinde, Kırılgan Beşli olarak adlandırılan ülkelerde geniş para arzında ve beseri sermayede meydana gelen artışların gelir eşitsizliğini artırdığı, bunun aksine finansal gelişmişlikte meydana gelen artışların ise gelir eşitsizliğini azalttığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.

Suggested Citation

  • Oğuz Öztunç & Seda Bayrakdar, 2024. "Kırılgan Beşli Ülkelerinde Gelir Dağılımının Dinamikleri: Ampirik Bir Uygulama," Journal of Social Policy Conferences, Istanbul University, Faculty of Economics, issue 87, pages 89-103, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:ist:iujspc:y:2024:i:87:p:89-103
    DOI: 10.26650/jspc.2024.87.178222
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    2. Dr. Ameenullah Aman & Dr. Usman Ahmad & Sumera Muhammad Saleem, 2021. "Investigating the Link Between Macroeconomic Factors and Income Inequality of Asian Countries," iRASD Journal of Economics, International Research Alliance for Sustainable Development (iRASD), vol. 3(3), pages 376-387, December.
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