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Sustainable Cities and the Contribution of Historical Urban Green Spaces: A Case Study of Historical Persian Gardens

Author

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  • Raheleh Rostami

    (Faculty of Built Environment, Universiti Teknologi of Malaysia, Johor Bahru 81310, Malaysia)

  • Hasanuddin Lamit

    (Faculty of Built Environment, Universiti Teknologi of Malaysia, Johor Bahru 81310, Malaysia)

  • Seyed Meysam Khoshnava

    (Faculty of Civil Engineering, Universiti Teknologi of Malaysia, Johor Bahru 81310, Malaysia)

  • Rasoul Rostami

    (Department of Architecture, Islamic Azad University Noor branch, Noor 4768-75353, Iran)

  • Muhamad Solehin Fitry Rosley

    (Faculty of Built Environment, Universiti Teknologi of Malaysia, Johor Bahru 81310, Malaysia)

Abstract

Growing populations and rapid worldwide urbanization are recognized as constituting one of the most complex processes in the world and have raised concerns about the sustainability of cities. Sustainable development, a widely accepted strategic framework in city planning, singles out urban green spaces as a primary solution for addressing these issues. Growing empirical evidences indicate that the presence of natural areas contributes to a better quality of life in many ways. Urban green spaces serve as places of identity, memory, and belonging; enrich human life with meaning and emotions by providing important social and psychological benefits; and enhance the quality of life of citizens, which is a key component of sustainability. Despite our understanding of the benefits of urban green spaces, little is known about the benefits of historical urban green spaces. To highlight their importance with regard to environmental sustainability and citizens’ well-being, this study analyzes a number of historical Persian gardens that are still actively used by urban residents. The findings suggest that historical Persian gardens could accommodate many social functions and address many of the psychological issues relating to urban dwelling. It has been generally acknowledged that sense of community and place attachment is pivotal to creating sustainable urban environments. Historical gardens as physical components can cohesively weave together many parts of cities of any cities while providing places for public congregation as well as attracting a variety of local economic activities. All these attributes can make historical Persian gardens as a valuable municipal resource and a key ingredient for city’s living sustainability.

Suggested Citation

  • Raheleh Rostami & Hasanuddin Lamit & Seyed Meysam Khoshnava & Rasoul Rostami & Muhamad Solehin Fitry Rosley, 2015. "Sustainable Cities and the Contribution of Historical Urban Green Spaces: A Case Study of Historical Persian Gardens," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 7(10), pages 1-27, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:7:y:2015:i:10:p:13290-13316:d:56529
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    6. Irina Iulia Năstase & Ileana Pătru-Stupariu & Felix Kienast, 2019. "Landscape Preferences and Distance Decay Analysis for Mapping the Recreational Potential of an Urban Area," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(13), pages 1-19, July.
    7. Amirafshar Vaeztavakoli & Azadeh Lak & Tan Yigitcanlar, 2018. "Blue and Green Spaces as Therapeutic Landscapes: Health Effects of Urban Water Canal Areas of Isfahan," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(11), pages 1-20, November.
    8. Hadi Soltanifard & Elham Jafari, 2019. "A conceptual framework to assess ecological quality of urban green space: a case study in Mashhad city, Iran," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 21(4), pages 1781-1808, August.
    9. Biljana Stanislav Jović & Aleksandar Acim Čučaković & Mihailo Nebojsa Grbić, 2021. "Circle in Space—Space in Circle: A Study of Ratio between Open Space and Built-Up Area in Historical Circular Objects," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(9), pages 1-21, April.
    10. Zhilong Chen & Lichang Su & Cheng Zhang, 2016. "Research on the Synergy Degree of Aboveground and Underground Space along Urban Rail Transit from the Perspective of Urban Sustainable Development," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 8(9), pages 1-22, September.
    11. Tulaci Bhakti & Fernanda Rossi & Pedro Oliveira Mafia & Eduardo Franco Almeida & Maria Augusta Gonçalves Fujaco & Cristiano Schetini Azevedo, 2021. "Preservation of historical heritage increases bird biodiversity in urban centers," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 23(6), pages 8758-8773, June.
    12. Yanhui Mao & Chuanyu Peng & Yan Liang & Guoping Yuan & Jianhong Ma & Marino Bonaiuto, 2022. "The Relationship Between Perceived Residential Environment Quality (PREQ) and Community Identity: Flow and Social Capital as Mediators," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 163(2), pages 771-797, September.
    13. Monika Trojanowska, 2022. "Biblical Gardens and the Resilience of Cultural Landscapes—A Case Study of Gdańsk, Poland," Land, MDPI, vol. 12(1), pages 1-27, December.
    14. Huixin Wang & Jing Xie & Shixian Luo & Duy Thong Ta & Qian Wang & Jiao Zhang & Daer Su & Katsunori Furuya, 2023. "Exploring the Interplay between Landscape Planning and Human Well-Being: A Scientometric Review," Land, MDPI, vol. 12(7), pages 1-24, June.
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