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Toward Climate-Resilient Freight Systems: Measuring Regional Truck Resilience to Extreme Rainfall via Integrated Flood Demand Modeling

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  • Xinghua Li

    (Key Laboratory of Road and Traffic Engineering, Ministry of Education, Tongji University, 4800 Cao’an Road, Shanghai 201804, China)

  • Yifan Xie

    (Key Laboratory of Road and Traffic Engineering, Ministry of Education, Tongji University, 4800 Cao’an Road, Shanghai 201804, China)

  • Yuntao Guo

    (Key Laboratory of Road and Traffic Engineering, Ministry of Education, Tongji University, 4800 Cao’an Road, Shanghai 201804, China)

  • Tianzuo Wang

    (Urban Mobility Institute, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 201804, China)

  • Tan Lin

    (Key Laboratory of Road and Traffic Engineering, Ministry of Education, Tongji University, 4800 Cao’an Road, Shanghai 201804, China)

Abstract

Resilience against extreme rainfall and its induced flooding is critical for a truck freight system during extreme events and post-event recovery. This study presents a two-step modeling framework that integrates a flood simulation model and a freight demand model to quantify the resilience of the truck freight system against extreme rainfall events. In the initial step, using rainfall data from meteorological stations, the catchment-based macro-scale floodplain (CaMa-Flood) model was introduced to simulate the rainfall event and its impacts on each road segment’s capacity within the study region. Then, a regional truck freight demand model was built using vehicle trajectory data from heavy-duty trucks operating during the study period to simulate the travel time changes for each affected road segment as a metric to analyze their importance to both functional and topological resilience of the truck freight system. These road segments were ranked based on the travel time increases, with the segment showing the greatest increase ranked as the most critical. To validate the proposed method, an extreme rainfall event in Beijing, Tianjin, and Hebei in July 2023 was modeled. The proposed method can be used to identify key infrastructure improvements to minimize disruptions to the truck freight system, providing decision support for climate-resilient transportation planning essential for achieving UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDG 9 on resilient infrastructure and SDG 13 on climate action).

Suggested Citation

  • Xinghua Li & Yifan Xie & Yuntao Guo & Tianzuo Wang & Tan Lin, 2025. "Toward Climate-Resilient Freight Systems: Measuring Regional Truck Resilience to Extreme Rainfall via Integrated Flood Demand Modeling," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 17(5), pages 1-18, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:17:y:2025:i:5:p:1783-:d:1595511
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Weiping Wang & Saini Yang & Jianxi Gao & Fuyu Hu & Wanyi Zhao & H. Eugene Stanley, 2020. "An Integrated Approach for Assessing the Impact of Large‐Scale Future Floods on a Highway Transport System," Risk Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 40(9), pages 1780-1794, September.
    2. Saini Yang & Fuyu Hu & Carlo Jaeger, 2016. "Impact Factors and Risk Analysis of Tropical Cyclones on a Highway Network," Risk Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 36(2), pages 262-277, February.
    3. Yin, Kai & Wu, Jianjun & Wang, Weiping & Lee, Der-Horng & Wei, Yun, 2023. "An integrated resilience assessment model of urban transportation network: A case study of 40 cities in China," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 173(C).
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