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Spatiotemporal Dynamics of Soil and Soil Organic Carbon Losses via Water Erosion in Coffee Cultivation in Tropical Regions

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  • Derielsen Brandão Santana

    (Institute of Natural Sciences, Federal University of Alfenas, R. Gabriel Monteiro da Silva 700, Alfenas 37130-001, MG, Brazil)

  • Guilherme Henrique Expedito Lense

    (Institute of Natural Sciences, Federal University of Alfenas, R. Gabriel Monteiro da Silva 700, Alfenas 37130-001, MG, Brazil)

  • Guilherme da Silva Rios

    (Institute of Natural Sciences, Federal University of Alfenas, R. Gabriel Monteiro da Silva 700, Alfenas 37130-001, MG, Brazil)

  • Raissa Eduarda da Silva Archanjo

    (Institute of Natural Sciences, Federal University of Alfenas, R. Gabriel Monteiro da Silva 700, Alfenas 37130-001, MG, Brazil)

  • Mariana Raniero

    (Institute of Natural Sciences, Federal University of Alfenas, R. Gabriel Monteiro da Silva 700, Alfenas 37130-001, MG, Brazil)

  • Aleksander Brandão Santana

    (Department of Food and Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Alfenas, R. Gabriel Monteiro da Silva 700, Alfenas 37130-001, MG, Brazil)

  • Felipe Gomes Rubira

    (Institute of Natural Sciences, Federal University of Alfenas, R. Gabriel Monteiro da Silva 700, Alfenas 37130-001, MG, Brazil)

  • Joaquim Ernesto Bernardes Ayer

    (Department of Chemistry, University Center of Paulínia, R. Maria Vilac 121, Paulínia 13140-000, SP, Brazil)

  • Ronaldo Luiz Mincato

    (Institute of Natural Sciences, Federal University of Alfenas, R. Gabriel Monteiro da Silva 700, Alfenas 37130-001, MG, Brazil)

Abstract

Water erosion has severe impacts on soil and the carbon cycle. In tropical regions, it is significantly influenced by rainfall, soil erodibility, rapid changes in land use and land cover (LULC), and agricultural management practices. Understanding the dynamics of water erosion is essential for implementing precise land degradation control. This study aimed to estimate soil and soil organic carbon (SOC) losses due to water erosion over five years in a coffee-producing area in Brazil using the revised universal soil loss equation (RUSLE). The results revealed that average soil losses in coffee plantation areas ranged from 1.77 to 1.80 Mg ha −1 yr −1 , classified as very low. Total and potential soil loss ranged from 2184.60 to 6657.14 Mg ha −1 , a 305% difference, demonstrating the efficiency of vegetative cover (C factor) and conservation practices (P factor) in reducing soil loss rates. SOC losses were less than 200 kg ha −1 yr −1 , with averages of 17.67 and 13.00 kg ha −1 yr −1 in coffee areas. In conclusion, agricultural management practices, such as the presence of native vegetation, maintaining vegetative cover in coffee rows, contour planting, and improving agronomic techniques, are essential for reducing soil and SOC losses, even in scenarios of biennial alternation in coffee production. Thus, sustainable agricultural management plays a crucial role in mitigating water erosion, maintaining productivity, and addressing climate change.

Suggested Citation

  • Derielsen Brandão Santana & Guilherme Henrique Expedito Lense & Guilherme da Silva Rios & Raissa Eduarda da Silva Archanjo & Mariana Raniero & Aleksander Brandão Santana & Felipe Gomes Rubira & Joaqui, 2025. "Spatiotemporal Dynamics of Soil and Soil Organic Carbon Losses via Water Erosion in Coffee Cultivation in Tropical Regions," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 17(3), pages 1-20, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:17:y:2025:i:3:p:821-:d:1572391
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Ashish Pandey & V. Chowdary & B. Mal, 2007. "Identification of critical erosion prone areas in the small agricultural watershed using USLE, GIS and remote sensing," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 21(4), pages 729-746, April.
    2. Ming Ling & Jianjun Chen & Yanping Lan & Zizhen Chen & Haotian You & Xiaowen Han & Guoqing Zhou, 2024. "Exploring the Drivers of Soil Conservation Variation in the Source of Yellow River under Diverse Development Scenarios from a Geospatial Perspective," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(2), pages 1-22, January.
    3. Alice Fitch & Rebecca L. Rowe & Niall P. McNamara & Cahyo Prayogo & Rizky Maulana Ishaq & Rizki Dwi Prasetyo & Zak Mitchell & Simon Oakley & Laurence Jones, 2022. "The Coffee Compromise: Is Agricultural Expansion into Tree Plantations a Sustainable Option?," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(5), pages 1-17, March.
    4. Luciene Gomes & Silvio J. C. Simões & Eloi Lennon Dalla Nora & Eráclito Rodrigues de Sousa-Neto & Maria Cristina Forti & Jean Pierre H. B. Ometto, 2019. "Agricultural Expansion in the Brazilian Cerrado: Increased Soil and Nutrient Losses and Decreased Agricultural Productivity," Land, MDPI, vol. 8(1), pages 1-26, January.
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