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Roses in the City Environment: A Heavy Metals Case Study

Author

Listed:
  • Dawid Krakowiak

    (Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of General and Ecological Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Żeromskiego 116, 90-924 Lodz, Poland)

  • Dorota Adamczyk-Szabela

    (Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of General and Ecological Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Żeromskiego 116, 90-924 Lodz, Poland)

  • Małgorzata Szczesio

    (Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of General and Ecological Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Żeromskiego 116, 90-924 Lodz, Poland)

  • Wojciech M. Wolf

    (Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of General and Ecological Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Żeromskiego 116, 90-924 Lodz, Poland)

Abstract

Kutno is a picturesque city in central Poland, known for extensive rose breeding worldwide. Soil samples and rose petals were collected from 13 locations in the city and characterized by diverse environments. This allowed determining the response of plants to changing cultivation conditions. Rose petals have found a wide range of applications. They are used in the food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. The aim of the research was to assess the contents of Cu, Zn, Cd, Ni, Pb and Cr in soils and their accumulation in rose petals. Samples were subjected to the microwave mineralization process using a mixture of concentrated HCl and HNO 3 . The metal contents in the soil and roses were determined by HR-CS-AAS and ICP-OES, respectively. Roses are usually cultivated in soils with a limited mobile fraction of heavy metals. In these unfavorable conditions, flower petals can absorb heavy metals substantially. Petals of roses cultivated for cosmetic, pharmaceutical or food purposes should be tested for heavy metal content. This study indicates that toxic metals are blocked at the root zone, and their transport to the above-ground parts is severely hampered. Nevertheless, metals related to the photo-synthesis process (Zn, Cu) are more intensively taken up by roses, while the uptake of toxic metals is partially inhibited.

Suggested Citation

  • Dawid Krakowiak & Dorota Adamczyk-Szabela & Małgorzata Szczesio & Wojciech M. Wolf, 2025. "Roses in the City Environment: A Heavy Metals Case Study," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 17(11), pages 1-16, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:17:y:2025:i:11:p:4939-:d:1665967
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Tarek M. Galal & Ali Majrashi & Hatim M. Al-Yasi & Emad A. Farahat & Ebrahem M. Eid & Esmat F. Ali, 2022. "Taif’s Rose ( Rosa damascena Mill var. trigentipetala ) Wastes Are a Potential Candidate for Heavy Metals Remediation from Agricultural Soil," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 12(9), pages 1-16, August.
    2. Meie Wang & Haizhen Zhang, 2018. "Accumulation of Heavy Metals in Roadside Soil in Urban Area and the Related Impacting Factors," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(6), pages 1-11, May.
    3. Tobias D. Wheeler & Abraham D. Stroock, 2008. "The transpiration of water at negative pressures in a synthetic tree," Nature, Nature, vol. 455(7210), pages 208-212, September.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

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