Applying GIS in Blue-Green Infrastructure Design in Urban Areas for Better Life Quality and Climate Resilience

The expansion of urban centers and peri-urban zones significantly impacts both the natural world and human well-being, leading to issues such as increased air pollution, the formation of urban heat islands, and challenges in water management. The concept of multifunctional greening serves as a cornerstone, emphasizing the interconnectedness of ecological, social, and health-related factors. This study aimed to identify potential locations for three specific types of blue-green infrastructure (BGI): bioswales, infiltration trenches, and green bus stops. Leveraging geospatial datasets, Geographic Information System (GIS) technology, and remote sensing methodologies, this study conducted a comprehensive analysis and modeling of spatial information. Initial cartographic representations were developed to identify specific locations within Olsztyn, a city in Poland, deemed appropriate for the implementation of the designated blue-green infrastructure (BGI) components. Following this, these models were combined with two additional models created by the researchers: a surface urban heat island (SUHI) model and a demographic model that outlined the age structure of the city’s population. This synergistic approach resulted in the development of a detailed map, which identified potential locations for the implementation of blue-green infrastructure. This was achieved by utilizing vector data acquired with a precision of 1 m. The high level of detail on the map allows for an extremely accurate representation of geographical features and infrastructure layouts, which are essential for precise planning and implementation. This infrastructure is identified as a key strategy for strengthening ecosystem resilience, improving urban livability, and promoting public health and well-being.