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Evaluation of Dried Citrus Pulp Addition to Total Mixed Ration in Replacement to Corn on Mutton Goat Performance and Health Indices

Author

Listed:
  • Abdur Rahman

    (Department of Animal Sciences, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Sub Campus Jhang, Lahore 54000, Pakistan)

  • Huma Kalsoom

    (Department of Animal Sciences, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Sub Campus Jhang, Lahore 54000, Pakistan)

  • Sadia Khanum

    (Department of Animal Sciences, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Sub Campus Jhang, Lahore 54000, Pakistan)

  • Muhammad Sajid

    (Department of Pathobiology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Sub Campus Jhang, Lahore 54000, Pakistan)

  • Muhammad Zaman Zahid

    (Department of Animal Sciences, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Sub Campus Jhang, Lahore 54000, Pakistan)

  • Zafar Hayat

    (Department of Animal Sciences, College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan)

  • Akhtar Rasool Asif

    (Department of Animal Sciences, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Sub Campus Jhang, Lahore 54000, Pakistan)

  • Mubarik Mahmood

    (Department of Animal Sciences, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Sub Campus Jhang, Lahore 54000, Pakistan)

  • Irfan Ahmed

    (Department of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan)

  • Shah Nawaz

    (Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan)

  • Muhammad Yousaf

    (Department of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan)

  • Aziz ur Rehman

    (Department of Pathobiology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Sub Campus Jhang, Lahore 54000, Pakistan)

  • Sayyed Aun Muhammad

    (Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore 54000, Pakistan)

  • Hafiz Ishfaq Ahmad

    (Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan)

Abstract

Due to the human population explosion, demand for food, especially meat, has also increased. Increasing mutton production, in this scenario, is one way to mitigate this emerging issue as it nourishes a large human population. However, its production is challenging due to high feeding costs. This study was executed to develop cost-effective feed for mutton goat production by adding dried citrus pulp to the total mixed ration. Citrus pulp was used as an energy source instead of corn grain. A total of 12 bucks were divided into 4 groups, each having 3 animals. After 21 days of adaptation, bucks were assigned to experimental groups. The experimental groups were designated as A, B, C and D. They were fed TMR with 0, 10, 15 and 20% dried citrus pulp, respectively, as a replacement for corn grain for 90 days. The effect of the dried citrus pulp inclusion on the bucks’ growth performance such as feed intake, weight gain and feed conversion ratio was evaluated on weekly basis. Hematological and biochemical parameters including total protein, triglycerides, cholesterol, complete blood count and serum antioxidant (catalase) activity were also determined. Results indicated that all hematological and biochemical parameters showed non-significant differences among the control and treatment groups. Weekly weight gain, feed intake and feed conversion ratio were equal in corn based as well as in dried citrus pulp-based diet with a lower feeding cost for the latter. It is concluded that the use of dried citrus pulp up to 20% as a replacement of corn in ration of fattening bucks is economical to use without any adverse effects.

Suggested Citation

  • Abdur Rahman & Huma Kalsoom & Sadia Khanum & Muhammad Sajid & Muhammad Zaman Zahid & Zafar Hayat & Akhtar Rasool Asif & Mubarik Mahmood & Irfan Ahmed & Shah Nawaz & Muhammad Yousaf & Aziz ur Rehman & , 2023. "Evaluation of Dried Citrus Pulp Addition to Total Mixed Ration in Replacement to Corn on Mutton Goat Performance and Health Indices," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(8), pages 1-11, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:8:p:6584-:d:1122783
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Maria Tsiouni & Stamatis Aggelopoulos & Alexandra Pavloudi & Dario Siggia, 2021. "Economic and Financial Sustainability Dependency on Subsidies: The Case of Goat Farms in Greece," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(13), pages 1-15, July.
    2. Madeeha Omer Lakhani & Sana Tauseef & Wajid Ali Chattha, 2022. "Assessing the financial sustainability of a rural livestock practice: a case of Pakistan," Agricultural Finance Review, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 83(2), pages 286-298, November.
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