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LEED-CI v4 Projects in Terms of Life Cycle Assessment in Manhattan, New York City: A Case Study

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  • Svetlana Pushkar

    (Department of Civil Engineering, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel)

Abstract

Over the last decade, it has been clearly shown that the same achievements in Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) projects can lead to different life cycle assessments (LCAs). However, the problem of contradictory achievements in LEED and LCA has not yet been resolved. This study aimed to identify and evaluate different strategies for LEED projects using LCAs. Thirty-nine LEED projects with the same characteristics—location and transportation, rating system, rating version, certification level, and space type—were collected and sorted by their energy and atmosphere (EA) category, “optimize energy performance” credit (EAc6) achievement into three equal groups (EA Low , EA Medium , and EA High , where each group includes 13 LEED projects) to minimize the influence of uncontrolled factors on the LEED project strategy. The author focused on two extreme groups with very different EAc6 credit scores: EA Low (13 projects) and EA High (13 projects). The groups were compared across LEED categories and credits. Wilcoxon–Mann–Whitney and Cliff’s δ test results showed that the EA Low and EA High groups are associated with high/low achievements in materials-related credits such as “interiors life cycle impact reduction”, “building product disclosure and optimization—material ingredients”, and “low-emitting materials”. As a result, the EA Low and EA High groups were reclassified into Energy Low –Materials High and Energy high –Materials Low certification strategy groups. In this context, LCAs were used to assess the differences between the two strategies. The results showed that if natural gas was used for operational energy (OE), the Energy High –Materials Low strategy showed lower environmental damage compared to the Energy Low –Materials High strategy ( p = 0.0635); meanwhile, if photovoltaic energy was used for OE, the Energy Low –Materials High strategy showed lower environmental damage compared to the Energy High –Materials Low strategy ( p = 0.0036). The author recommends using the LEED protocol and the LCA method in parallel to better reflect the environmental impact of different certification strategies.

Suggested Citation

  • Svetlana Pushkar, 2023. "LEED-CI v4 Projects in Terms of Life Cycle Assessment in Manhattan, New York City: A Case Study," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(3), pages 1-16, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:3:p:2360-:d:1048917
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Di Lu & Matthew J. Realff, 2013. "The Design of a Sustainability Assessment Standard Using Life Cycle Information," Journal of Industrial Ecology, Yale University, vol. 17(4), pages 493-503, August.
    2. Jakub Veselka & Marie Nehasilová & Karolína Dvořáková & Pavla Ryklová & Martin Volf & Jan Růžička & Antonín Lupíšek, 2020. "Recommendations for Developing a BIM for the Purpose of LCA in Green Building Certifications," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(15), pages 1-17, July.
    3. Wenliang Li, 2020. "Quantifying the Building Energy Dynamics of Manhattan, New York City, Using an Urban Building Energy Model and Localized Weather Data," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(12), pages 1-22, June.
    4. Yannick Lessard & Chirjiv Anand & Pierre Blanchet & Caroline Frenette & Ben Amor, 2018. "LEED v4: Where Are We Now? Critical Assessment through the LCA of an Office Building Using a Low Impact Energy Consumption Mix," Journal of Industrial Ecology, Yale University, vol. 22(5), pages 1105-1116, October.
    5. Svetlana Pushkar, 2022. "Life-Cycle Assessment in the LEED-CI v4 Categories of Location and Transportation (LT) and Energy and Atmosphere (EA) in California: A Case Study of Two Strategies for LEED Projects," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(17), pages 1-18, August.
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    Cited by:

    1. Svetlana Pushkar, 2023. "Life-Cycle Assessment of LEED-CI v4 Projects in Shanghai, China: A Case Study," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(7), pages 1-15, March.

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