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Hyperbranched Dithiocarbamate-Modified Biochar: A Promising Adsorbent for Selective Removal of Pb(II) from Wastewater

Author

Listed:
  • Xin Xie

    (Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China)

  • Jiangtao He

    (Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China)

  • Jianhong Huang

    (Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China)

  • Jie Li

    (Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China)

  • Yingjie Li

    (Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China)

  • Senlin Tian

    (Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China)

Abstract

Herein, dithiocarbamate-modified biochar (BC-HDTC) was successfully synthesized with nitric acid (HNO 3 ), thionyl chloride (SOCl 2 ), branched PEI and carbon disulfide (CS 2 ). The effective anchoring of amine and dithiocarbamate groups onto the surface of the biochar was proven by SEM, FTIR, XPS, N2 adsorption–desorption experiment. The batch experiments demonstrated BC-HDTC can selectively remove 98% Pb(II) within multi-metals solution when pH = 5, T = 30 °C. The impact of variations on the BC-HDTC were researched (pH, contact duration, Pb(II) original concentration).The sorption kinetics (pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, intra-particle diffusion model) and isotherm modeling (Langmuir, Freundlich, and tempkin models) of Pb(II) on BC-HDTC were investigated. The adsorption process was depicted to attain equilibrium in less than 20 min and to fit the Langmuir isotherms and pseudo-2nd-order kinetics satisfactorily. The complexation of functional groups of HDTC (amine/imine and dithiocarbamate) with Pb(II) as well as the ion exchange between Na(I) and Pb(II) are the main adsorption mechanisms. Pb(II) onto BC-HDTC was endothermic and spontaneous, according to thermodynamic parameters. After 4 consecutive adsorption-desorption cycles, Pb removal efficiency of BC- HDTC remained over 90%. This work revealed the significant potential for Pb(II) contamination of BC-HDTC, a valuable and reusable adsorbent.

Suggested Citation

  • Xin Xie & Jiangtao He & Jianhong Huang & Jie Li & Yingjie Li & Senlin Tian, 2023. "Hyperbranched Dithiocarbamate-Modified Biochar: A Promising Adsorbent for Selective Removal of Pb(II) from Wastewater," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(2), pages 1-17, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:2:p:1245-:d:1030105
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Zhang, Zhikun & Zhu, Zongyuan & Shen, Boxiong & Liu, Lina, 2019. "Insights into biochar and hydrochar production and applications: A review," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 171(C), pages 581-598.
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