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A Study on the Efficiency Analysis of Global Terminal Operators Based on the Operation Characteristics

Author

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  • Jungwaun Jeh

    (Graduate School of Global Logistics, Korea Maritime and Ocean University, Busan 49112, Korea)

  • Jungwoo Nam

    (KMI KMOU Cooperative Program, Korea Maritime and Ocean University, Busan 49112, Korea)

  • Minseop Sim

    (KMI KMOU Cooperative Program, Korea Maritime and Ocean University, Busan 49112, Korea)

  • Yulseong Kim

    (Department of Logistics, Korea Maritime and Ocean University, Busan 49112, Korea)

  • Youngran Shin

    (Graduate School of Global Logistics, Korea Maritime and Ocean University, Busan 49112, Korea)

Abstract

Shipping and port industries are undergoing rapid environmental changes because of the reorganization of carrier alliances, enlargement of ships, and an increase in global uncertainty. Thus, the sustainable operation of container terminals requires a new assessment of port efficiency and measures to enhance efficient operation. Hence, we classified 21 global terminal operators (GTOs) into stevedore, carrier, and hybrid GTOs based on their operation characteristics and derived a sustainable container terminal operation method using data envelopment analysis efficiency and Malmquist productivity index analysis. The results showed that stevedore GTOs exhibited improved efficiency when the terminal infrastructure was expanded. However, the returns to scale and technical change factors in the productivity change trend decreased. Meanwhile, the objective of carrier GTOs is cost reduction, unlike stevedore and hybrid GTOs, which focus on generating profits. Consequently, carrier GTOs were the most inefficient with little intention to improve efficiency. A systematic efficiency improvement strategy through the acquisition of a terminal share was effective for hybrid GTOs. However, similar to stevedore GTOs, investment in technical change was insufficient for hybrid GTOs. The efficiency analysis we conducted for each operation characteristic is expected to provide useful basic data for establishing efficiency improvement strategies for every GTO.

Suggested Citation

  • Jungwaun Jeh & Jungwoo Nam & Minseop Sim & Yulseong Kim & Youngran Shin, 2022. "A Study on the Efficiency Analysis of Global Terminal Operators Based on the Operation Characteristics," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(1), pages 1-19, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:14:y:2022:i:1:p:536-:d:717668
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Thi Yen Pham & Gi-Tae Yeo, 2019. "Evaluation of Transshipment Container Terminals’ Service Quality in Vietnam: From the Shipping Companies’ Perspective," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(5), pages 1-14, March.
    2. Neven Grubisic & Tomislav Krljan & Livia Maglić & Siniša Vilke, 2020. "The Microsimulation Model for Assessing the Impact of Inbound Traffic Flows for Container Terminals Located near City Centers," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(22), pages 1-19, November.
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    Cited by:

    1. Huy Tung Pham & Luong Hai Nguyen, 2022. "Empirical Performance Measurement of Cargo Handling Equipment in Vietnam Container Terminals," Logistics, MDPI, vol. 6(3), pages 1-18, July.

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