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Long-Term Nutrient Supply Options: Strategies to Improve Soil Phosphorus Availability in the Rice-Wheat System

Author

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  • Sunita Kumari Meena

    (ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute (ICAR-IARI), New Delhi 110012, India
    Department of Soil Science, Sugarcane Research Institute, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University (RPCAU), Pusa, Samastipur 848125, India)

  • Brahma Swaroop Dwivedi

    (ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute (ICAR-IARI), New Delhi 110012, India
    ICAR-National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land Use Planning (ICAR-NBSS & LUP), Nagpur 440033, India)

  • Mahesh Chand Meena

    (ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute (ICAR-IARI), New Delhi 110012, India)

  • Saba Prasad Datta

    (ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute (ICAR-IARI), New Delhi 110012, India)

  • Vinod Kumar Singh

    (ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute (ICAR-IARI), New Delhi 110012, India
    ICAR-Central Research Institute for Dryland Agriculture (ICAR-CRIDA), Hyderabad 500059, India)

  • Rajendra Prasad Mishra

    (ICAR-Indian Institute of Farming Systems Research (ICAR-IIFSR), Modipuram Meerut 250110, India)

  • Debashish Chakraborty

    (ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute (ICAR-IARI), New Delhi 110012, India)

  • Abir Dey

    (ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute (ICAR-IARI), New Delhi 110012, India)

  • Vijay Singh Meena

    (ICAR-Vivekananda Parvatiya Krishi Anusandhan Sansthan (ICAR-VPKAS), Almora 263601, India
    CIMMYT-Borlaug Institute for South Asia (BISA), Samastipur 848125, India)

Abstract

The indiscriminate use of chemical fertilizers can deteriorate soil, grain, and environmental quality; still, these can be restored if integrated nutrient management options with inclusion of legumes in the cropping system are adopted. A long-term (19 year) rice-wheat system experiment was examined to find out the best nutrient management practices (BNMP) through recommended dose of fertilizers (RDF), integrated plant nutrition system (IPNS), soil test crop response (STCR), farmyard manure (FYM), along with the inclusion of pulses (berseem and cowpea). Seven nutrient management practices were applied in combination of organic and chemical fertilizer in the rice-wheat system. Results showed that a significant variation was seen in phosphorus (P) fractions among the treatments and soil depths. The results showed a significantly ( p < 0.05) higher contribution to phosphorus availability by Residual-P followed by NaHCO 3 -Po > NaOH-Pi > NaOH-Po > HCl-P > NaHCO 3 -Pi > available P and lowest in WSP under different long-term management options in rice-wheat system after completing 19 crop cycles. Variations in soil P-fractions with depth were compared to different treatment combination, and a considerable increase in all the major P-fractions was noticed. The continuous application of various IPNS options as organic farming (OF), RDF, STCR, and the inclusion of pulses (berseem and cowpea) significantly improved all P fractions in the soil system and offered an added benefit in terms of sustainability of production and soil health compared to the solo application of chemical fertilizers. Overall, results showed that IPNS options (berseem and cowpea) showed its superiority over the rest of the treatment. This study suggests that the inclusion of pulses would increase P-availability in soil system.

Suggested Citation

  • Sunita Kumari Meena & Brahma Swaroop Dwivedi & Mahesh Chand Meena & Saba Prasad Datta & Vinod Kumar Singh & Rajendra Prasad Mishra & Debashish Chakraborty & Abir Dey & Vijay Singh Meena, 2022. "Long-Term Nutrient Supply Options: Strategies to Improve Soil Phosphorus Availability in the Rice-Wheat System," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(14), pages 1-15, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:14:y:2022:i:14:p:8629-:d:862777
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Chowdhury, Rubel Biswas & Moore, Graham A. & Weatherley, Anthony J., 2018. "A multi-year phosphorus flow analysis of a key agricultural region in Australia to identify options for sustainable management," Agricultural Systems, Elsevier, vol. 161(C), pages 42-60.
    2. Michael Eisenstein, 2020. "Natural solutions for agricultural productivity," Nature, Nature, vol. 588(7837), pages 58-59, December.
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    Cited by:

    1. Markus Keck, 2022. "Special Issue: Sustainable Agri-Food Networks," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(17), pages 1-5, August.

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