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Upgrading Strategy, Warranty Policy and Pricing Decisions for Remanufactured Products Sold with Two-Dimensional Warranty

Author

Listed:
  • Esmat Baghdadi

    (Department of Industrial Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran 16846-13114, Iran)

  • Mahmood Shafiee

    (Mechanical Engineering Group, School of Engineering, University of Kent, Canterbury CT2 7NT, UK)

  • Babakalli Alkali

    (School of Computing, Engineering and Built Environment, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow G4 0BA, UK)

Abstract

The environmental sustainability and business benefits of end-of-life products have led to worldwide growth in the remanufacturing market. However, customers are often sceptical about the quality and durability of remanufactured products. To ensure a risk-free customer experience, dealers carry out some upgrading actions on the most critical components and offer a reasonable warranty period on products at the time of resale. It is crucial for dealers to consider customers’ attitudes and preferences when deciding on an upgrading strategy, warranty coverage, and sales price for remanufactured products. This paper aims to establish an equilibrium between customers’ expected costs and dealers’ expected profit for remanufactured products sold with a two-dimensional warranty and post-warranty service. In our model, customers make their decisions based on cost–benefit balance, whereas dealers make decisions that maximise their profit margin. Owing to the nature of the conflict between the dealer and customers, a Stackelberg game model is developed to optimise the upgrade strategy, warranty policy, and pricing decisions for remanufactured products. The Karush–Kuhn–Tucker (KKT) optimality condition of the lower-level problem is used to solve the model. Finally, a numerical example is provided to illustrate its applicability.

Suggested Citation

  • Esmat Baghdadi & Mahmood Shafiee & Babakalli Alkali, 2022. "Upgrading Strategy, Warranty Policy and Pricing Decisions for Remanufactured Products Sold with Two-Dimensional Warranty," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(12), pages 1-15, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:14:y:2022:i:12:p:7232-:d:837729
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Kaiying Cao & Bing Xu & Jia Wang, 2020. "Optimal trade-in and warranty period strategies for new and remanufactured products under carbon tax policy," International Journal of Production Research, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 58(1), pages 180-199, January.
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    4. Mohamed Noomane Darghouth & Anis Chelbi & Daoud Ait-kadi, 2017. "Investigating reliability improvement of second-hand production equipment considering warranty and preventive maintenance strategies," International Journal of Production Research, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 55(16), pages 4643-4661, August.
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    9. Wang, Yukun & Liu, Yiliu & Liu, Zixian & Li, Xiaopeng, 2017. "On reliability improvement program for second-hand products sold with a two-dimensional warranty," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 167(C), pages 452-463.
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    11. Xiaodong Zhu & Lingfei Yu, 2019. "The Impact of Warranty Efficiency of Remanufactured Products on Production Decisions and Green Growth Performance in Closed-Loop Supply Chain: Perspective of Consumer Behavior," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(5), pages 1-24, March.
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    1. Zongbao Zou & Cong Wang & Qinjia Zhong, 2022. "How Does Retailer-Oriented Remanufacturing Affect the OEM’s Quality Choice?," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(13), pages 1-21, June.
    2. Chunmei Li & Tianjian Yang & Zijing Bian, 2023. "Does Environmental Education Always Contribute to Remanufacturing Supply Chain Development?," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(6), pages 1-18, March.

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