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Physical Activity and Well-Being during the Second COVID19-Related Lockdown in Germany in 2021

Author

Listed:
  • Eszter Füzéki

    (Division of Preventive and Sports Medicine, Institute of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany
    Contributed equally.)

  • Jan Schröder

    (Department of Sports Medicine, Faculty for Psychology and Human Movement Science, Institute for Human Movement Science, University of Hamburg, Turmweg 2, 20148 Hamburg, Germany
    Contributed equally.)

  • Rüdiger Reer

    (Department of Sports Medicine, Faculty for Psychology and Human Movement Science, Institute for Human Movement Science, University of Hamburg, Turmweg 2, 20148 Hamburg, Germany)

  • David A. Groneberg

    (Division of Preventive and Sports Medicine, Institute of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany)

  • Winfried Banzer

    (Division of Preventive and Sports Medicine, Institute of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany)

Abstract

In the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany, lockdown measures were reinstalled and were in place between November 2020 and April 2021, including the closure of physical activity facilities. The aim of the current online survey was to assess the lockdown effects on physical activity and well-being in the general population. Pre-lockdown vs. lockdown differences were tested with the Χ 2 test and the Student’s t-test for paired data. Predictor variables to explain compliance with physical activity recommendations were identified using a fixed-effects binary logistic regression analysis. Data of 993 respondents were analyzed. Transport-related and leisure-time physical activity decreased ( p < 0.001, d = 0.25, and p < 0.001, d = 0.33, respectively). Compliance with physical activity recommendations decreased from 42.2% to 29.4% (chi 2 (1, 1986) = 35.335, p < 0.001, V = 0.13). Well-being decreased significantly (t (990) = 23.405, p < 0.001) by 16.3 points (d = 0.74). Physical activity and well-being declined in German adults during the second COVID-19-related lockdown. Physical activity should be promoted also in light of the emerging evidence on its protective effects against COVID-19.

Suggested Citation

  • Eszter Füzéki & Jan Schröder & Rüdiger Reer & David A. Groneberg & Winfried Banzer, 2021. "Physical Activity and Well-Being during the Second COVID19-Related Lockdown in Germany in 2021," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(21), pages 1-14, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:21:p:12172-:d:671995
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Hipp, Lena & Bünning, Mareike & Munnes, Stefan & Sauermann, Armin, 2020. "Problems and pitfalls of retrospective survey questions in COVID-19 studies," EconStor Open Access Articles and Book Chapters, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics, vol. 14(2), pages 109-1145.
    2. Eszter Füzéki & Jan Schröder & David A. Groneberg & Winfried Banzer, 2021. "Physical Activity and Its Related Factors during the First COVID-19 Lockdown in Germany," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(10), pages 1-12, May.
    3. Mata, Jutta & Wenz, Alexander & Rettig, Tobias & Reifenscheid, Maximiliane & Möhring, Katja & Krieger, Ulrich & Friedel, Sabine & Fikel, Marina & Cornesse, Carina & Blom, Annelies G. & Naumann, Elias, 2021. "Health behaviors and mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic: A longitudinal population-based survey in Germany," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 287(C).
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